Discrimination of document paper by XRF, LA–ICP–MS and IRMS using multivariate statistical techniques

Forensic classification of counterfeit banknote paper by X-ray fluorescence and multivariate statistical methods

“…So samples in group one and two were linked together. Thus, nine separate cases (case number 2,3,4,7,8,9,10,11,12) were successfully linked by the same suspect who sold two types of paper. It is demonstrated that elemental composition examination and multivariate statistical technique are useful ways to compare and classify papers.…”

“…Isotope Ratio Mass Spectroscopy (IRMS) method can be used to determine carbon isotope ratio values [8]. Elemental composition examination can provide much information for paper classification and sourcing [9,10]. X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) technique is a useful method for characterizing elemental composition in paper and other evidences [11][12][13].…”

Recent Advances in the Application of Stable Isotope Ratio Analysis in Forensic Chemistry

“…The emerging use and functionality of isotope ratio mass spectrometry in forensic analysis now covers a range of evidence types including illicit drugs, explosives and samples of human or animal origins. IRMS has also begun to be used for other forensic science-related exhibits such as plastic bags, [34] paint, [35] matches, [36] and documents, [37] and its influence on the field of forensic chemistry is set to continue into the future. One of the ongoing research questions related to IRMS data is, of course, its evidentiary or investigative value, and the analysis of known provenance samples will continue to be required in order to address this issue.…”

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and chemometrics for the characterization and discrimination of writing/photocopier paper types: Application in forensic document examinations

“…Analytical techniques such as mass spectrometry [4-9], X-rays coupled with different detectors [10][11][12], XRD [13] were used by the various groups to discriminate and characterize the paper samples. In these techniques most of them are destructive and others are having their own limitations in characterization as well as their low discrimination power.…”