Discrimination of motion in depth trajectory following acute alcohol ingestion

Neill, R.A.; Delahunty, Ann; Fenelon, B.

doi:10.1016/0301-0511(90)90075-8

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…One finding that is particularly troubling concerns the role of alcohol in impairing judgments of size and distance. Alcohol impaired observers behave as though objects are smaller and more distant than they actually are (Farrimond 1990, Neill and Delahunty 1990, Miller 1991, Nicholson and Wang 1992.…”

Section: 42mentioning

confidence: 98%

Paying attention behind the wheel: a framework for studying the role of attention in driving

Trick¹,

Enns²,

Mills³

et al. 2004

Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science

124

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Driver inattention is thought to cause many automobile crashes. However, the research on attention is fragmented, and the applied research on driving and attention is further split between three largely independent traditions: the experimental research, the differential crash rate research, and the automation research. The goal of this review is to provide a conceptual framework to unify the research-a framework based on the combination of two fundamental dimensions of attentional selection: selection with and without conscious awareness (controlled and automatic), and selection by innate and acquired cognitive mechanisms (exogenous and endogenous). When applied to studies chosen to represent a broad range within the experimental literature, it reveals links between a variety of factors, including inexperience, inebriation, distracting stimuli, heads-up displays, fatigue, rumination, and secondary tasks such as phone conversations. This framework also has clear implications for the differential crash literature and the study of automated systems that support or replace functions of the driver. We conclude that driving research and policy could benefit from consideration of the different modes of attentional selection insofar as they integrate literatures, reveal directions for future research, and predict the effectiveness of interventions for crash-prevention.

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Section: 42mentioning

confidence: 98%

Paying attention behind the wheel: a framework for studying the role of attention in driving

Trick¹,

Enns²,

Mills³

et al. 2004

Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science

124

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It also modestly degrades color vision (Wallgren & Barry, 1970; Watten & Lie, 1996, Hill & Toffolon, 1990), as well as accommodation (Watten & Lie, 1996), stereoscopic depth perception (Hill & Toffolon, 1990; Neill et al, 1990; Watten & Lie, 1996; Wegner & Fahle, 1999; Nawrot et al, 2004), and motion perception per se (MacArthur & Sekuler, 1982; McNamee et al, 1980; Bates, 1989; Nawrot et al, 2004). Ethanol delays the initiation and decreases the velocity of saccadic eye movements, and reduces the speed and accuracy of slow eye movements (Guedry et al, 1975; Baloh et al, 1979; Moser et al, 1998; Holdstock & de Wit, 1999), hence impairing perception of depth from motion parallax (Nawrot et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of acute ethanol challenge on global visuospatial attention: Exaggeration of leftward bias in line bisection

Leone

McCourt

2010

Laterality: Asymmetries of Body, Brain and Cognition

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Acute alcohol challenge has been associated with a selective impairment of right hemisphere function. A hallmark of visuospatial neglect syndrome is that patients with right hemisphere lesions misbisect horizontal lines far rightward of veridical center. Neurologically intact subjects misbisect lines with a systematic leftward bias (pseudoneglect). Neuroimaging studies in neurologically intact subjects reveal predominant right hemisphere activation during performance of line bisection tasks. The current study assessed whether acute alcohol challenge alters global visuospatial attention. Subjects (N=18; 10 male; strongly right-handed; mean age=23 years) engaged in a forced-choice tachistoscopic line bisection task in both ethanol challenge (mean BAC=.077) and no ethanol control conditions. Mean leftward bisection error in the control challenge condition was −0.238 degrees visual angle (1.05% line length), and leftward bisection error significantly increased (p=.001) under ethanol challenge (−0.333 degrees visual angle, 1.47% line length). Mean bisection precision in the control condition was 0.358 degrees visual angle (1.58% line length); bisection precision significantly deteriorated (p=.008) under ethanol challenge (0.489 degrees, 2.17% line length). Decreased bisection precision indicates that ethanol disrupts the fidelity of visuospatial performance. The exaggerated leftward bisection error implies that ethanol may exert a differential effect on left versus right hemispheric function with respect to the control of global visuospatial attention.

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“…Alcohol depresses neural activity, with immediate effects on multiple cognitive-motor processing domains (Mongrain and Standing, 1989). Even blood alcohol levels within legal limits produce significant, generalized impairments of multiple attentional abilities; larger doses produce major impairments (Neill et al, 1991). Sustained and divided attentional tasks are most impaired by alcohol (Moskowitz and Sharma, 1974), notably information processing, decision-making, and judgment (Hindmarch et al, 1991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol Intoxication Effects on Simulated Driving: Exploring Alcohol-Dose Effects on Brain Activation Using Functional MRI

Calhoun

Pekar

Pearlson

2004

Neuropsychopharmacol

173

143

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Driving while intoxicated is a major public health problem. We investigated impaired driving using a simulated driving skill game that presents an 'in-car' view of a road and a readout of speed. We explored brain activation and behavioral alterations from baseline at two blood alcohol concentrations (BACs). Participants received single-blind individualized doses of beverage alcohol designed to produce blood alcohol content (BAC) of 0.04 and 0.08 or placebo. Scanning occurred on a 1.5 Tesla Philips MRI scanner after training to asymptote performance. Analysis was performed using independent component analysis (ICA) to isolate systematically nonoverlapping 'networks' and their time courses. Imaging results revealed seven separate driving-related brain networks with different time courses. Several significant findings were observed for the imaging data. First, dose-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) changes were revealed in orbitofrontal (OF) and motor (but not cerebellar) regions; visual and medial frontal regions were unaffected. Second, cerebellar regions were significantly associated with driving behavior in a dose-dependent manner. Finally, a global disruptive effect of alcohol on the ICA time courses was observed with highly significant differences in OF and motor regions. Alcohol thus demonstrated some behavioral effects and unique, disruptive, dose-dependent effects on fMRI signal within several brain circuits. The fMRI data also suggest that the deficits observed in alcohol intoxication may be modulated primarily through OF/anterior cingulate, motor and cerebellar regions as opposed to attentional areas in frontoparietal cortex.

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Discrimination of motion in depth trajectory following acute alcohol ingestion

Cited by 12 publications

References 33 publications

Paying attention behind the wheel: a framework for studying the role of attention in driving

Paying attention behind the wheel: a framework for studying the role of attention in driving

The effect of acute ethanol challenge on global visuospatial attention: Exaggeration of leftward bias in line bisection

Alcohol Intoxication Effects on Simulated Driving: Exploring Alcohol-Dose Effects on Brain Activation Using Functional MRI

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