Discriminatory Speech Acts: A Functional Approach

Graumann, Carl F.; Wintermantel, Margret

doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-3582-8_9

Cited by 43 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 24 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…process instead of slaughter; pork instead of pig, singular form without an article-chicken-to describe meat), they prefer appearance of meat that does not resemble animal anatomy, and locate slaughterhouses in high physical distance from the residential areas (Plous, 1993). These strategies resemble the linguistic, cognitive and behavioural strategies of moral disengagement that were observed among humans (Bandura, 1999;Graumann & Wintermantel, 1989). In the present paper, it is argued that the commonsensical concept of human uniqueness (denying animals certain psychological characteristics) might be conceived as another form of the moral disengagement among the meat-eating population.…”

mentioning

confidence: 72%

The humanity of what we eat: Conceptions of human uniqueness among vegetarians and omnivores

Bilewicz

Imhoff

Drogosz

2011

Euro J Social Psych

157

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Studies on dehumanization demonstrated that denying certain human characteristics might serve as a strategy for moral disengagement. Meat consumption-especially in the times of cruel animal farming-is related to the exclusion of animals from the human scope of justice. In the present research, it was hypothesized that the conception of human uniqueness (denying animals certain psychological characteristics) might be a strategy of meat-eaters' moral disengagement. Three studies compared the extent to which vegetarians and omnivores attribute psychological characteristics to humans versus animals. In Study 1, vegetarian participants ascribed more secondary (uniquely human) emotions to animals than did the omnivores; however, there were no differences in primary (animalistic) emotions. Study 2 showed that omnivores distinguish human characteristics from animalistic ones more sharply than vegetarians do, while both groups do not differ in distinguishing human characteristics from mechanistic ones. Study 3 confirmed the results by showing that omnivores ascribed less secondary emotions to traditionally edible animals than to the non-edible species, while vegetarians did not differentiate these animals. These results support the claim that the lay conceptions of 'human uniqueness' are strategies of moral disengagement.

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 72%

The humanity of what we eat: Conceptions of human uniqueness among vegetarians and omnivores

Bilewicz

Imhoff

Drogosz

2011

Euro J Social Psych

157

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…As suggested by Graumann and Wintermantel's (1989) discussion of ethnic slurs, the use of ethnophaulisms provides a gauge of prototype representation of ethnic groups: Typing [a member of a social category] by nouns ®xates the other person as a typical instance of a social category ' (p. 192, emphasis added). Similarly, Smythe and Seidman (1957) …”

Section: Ethnophaulism Complexitymentioning

confidence: 98%

Ethnophaulisms for ethnic immigrant groups: the contributions of group size and familiarity

Mullen

Rozell²,

Johnson

2001

Euro J Social Psych

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

An archival analysis was conducted on the ethnophaulisms for ethnic immigrant groups as a function of the size and the familiarity of those groups. Cognitive representation was operationalized as the degree of complexity in, and the valence of, the ethnophaulisms applied to ethnic immigrant groups in the United States during each of 15 consecutive 10-year time periods. Group size was operationalized as the number of ®rst-generation persons in these ethnic groups during each of these same 15 10-year time periods. Familiarity was operationalized in terms of the number of times each ethnic immigrant group was mentioned in social histories and popular songs for each of these same 15 10-year time periods. Ethnophaulisms for smaller groups tended to be less complex and more negative and ethnophaulisms for less familiar groups tended to be less complex and more negative. Analyses delineate the interrelations between ethnic immigrant group size, ethnic immigrant group familiarity, and the cognitive representations of these groups. The implications of these results for research on intergroup perceptions are discussed.

show abstract

“…For example, Greenberg et al (1988) noted that ethnophaulisms "may imply to the target, 'you are a creature indistinguishable from the rest of your group"' (p. 80). Similarly, as suggested by Graumann and Wintermantel's (1989) discussion of ethnic slurs, the use of ethnophaulisms provides a gauge of prototype representation of ethnic groups: "Typing [a member of a social category] by nouns fixates the other person as a typical instance of a social category" (p. 192, emphasis added).…”

Section: Ethnophaulism Complexitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethnophaulisms for Ethnic Immigrant Groups

Mullen¹

2001

Journal of Social Issues

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ethnophaulisms (Roback, 1944) are the words used as slurs to refer to ethnic immigrant outgroups. This article explores the effects of attributes of ethnic immigrant groups on the cognitive representations of these groups in ethnophaulisms and the effects of these cognitive representations on behavior toward these immigrant groups. The results of these analyses, based on archival data spanning a 150-year period of American history, provide a sobering picture of the cognitive representation of immigrants: a century and a half of thinking about smaller, less familiar, and more foreign ethnic immigrant groups in a simplistic and negative manner and a resultant tendency to exclude those immigrant groups from the receiving society. The implications of these results for theoretical approaches to intergroup perception and for immigration policy are considered.

show abstract

Discriminatory Speech Acts: A Functional Approach

Cited by 43 publications

References 24 publications

The humanity of what we eat: Conceptions of human uniqueness among vegetarians and omnivores

The humanity of what we eat: Conceptions of human uniqueness among vegetarians and omnivores

Ethnophaulisms for ethnic immigrant groups: the contributions of group size and familiarity

Ethnophaulisms for Ethnic Immigrant Groups

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About