I dedicate my dissertation work to my husband, Firas Shalabi. He has never left my side throughout the entire journey of my doctorate program. There are not enough words to express my gratitude to him. This work and degree would not have been possible without his emotional and physical support with our child, Leya, and household. I thank him for the many, many hours and chores he took on so I can get to my classes, complete classwork, work on my dissertation and have a successful career. Firas and Leya, thank you for being my best cheerleaders for the past six years. iii