Discussing substance use with clients during the COVID-19 pandemic: A motivational interviewing approach.

Walker, Denise D.; Jaffe, Anna E.; Pierce, Adam; Walton, Thomas O.; Kaysen, Debra

doi:10.1037/tra0000764

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Being personally affected by COVID-19 and being concerned about child care were found to be related to increase use of alcohol and substances. Being personally affected may be symbolic of trauma, complicated grief, or represent a generalized stressor; all of which are related to alcohol and/or substance use (Berenz et al 2016 ; Bränström and Pachankis 2018 ; Hansen et al 2020 ; Hassel et al 2013 ; Lin et al 2020 ; Moller et al 2013 ; North et al 2002 ; Read et al 2014 ; Sola et al 2019 ; Sheerin et al 2016 ; Walker et al 2020 ; Williams et al 2015 ). This relationship should be examined further to determine how being affected personally, such as individually being diagnosed with COVID, being at high risk for COVID, or knowing others who are at risk or who have been diagnosed, is related to use of alcohol and substances.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research has demonstrated that use of substances and alcohol may represent a negative form of coping (Lagisetty et al 2017 ; Ornell et al 2020 ; Schulte and Hser 2014 ). In particular, increased alcohol and/or substance use is related to disasters (Bonanno et al 2007 ; Galea et al 2020 ), exposure to violence (Hotton et al 2019 , Rougemont-Bücking et al 2017 ), and traumatic events (Berenz et al 2016 ; Hansen et al 2020 ; Moller et al 2013 ; North et al 2002 ; Read et al 2014 ; Sheerin et al 2016 ; Walker et al 2020 ; Williams et al 2015 ). However, increased alcohol and/or substance use may only represent an acute solution and not represent a long-term coping solution (SAMSHA 2020 ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exploring Factors Associated with Alcohol and/or Substance Use During the COVID-19 Pandemic

MacMillan

Corrigan

Coffey

et al. 2021

Int J Ment Health Addiction

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This study explored the relationship between alcohol and substance use in the general population during the early stages of COVID-19 as related to individual, family, and community stressors. A convenience sample of adults who resided in the USA and Canada was utilized. An online survey was conducted. Over one-third of the sample reported utilizing alcohol and substances as a means to cope during the pandemic. A linear regression revealed that use of social media as a source of information, being personally affected by COVID-19, experiencing child care challenges, and not being associated with a religious community were related to increased likeliness for alcohol and/or substance use. Future research should explore these concepts further within the general population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Factors Associated with Alcohol and/or Substance Use During the COVID-19 Pandemic

MacMillan

Corrigan

Coffey

et al. 2021

Int J Ment Health Addiction

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“…Recently, researchers have raised concerns that a pandemic may be a high‐risk time for heightened alcohol use (Clay and Parker, 2020; McKay and Asmundson, 2020; Walker et al, 2020; Zaami et al, 2020). On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID‐19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) virus, to be a pandemic (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2020).…”

Section: Current Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alongside the multitude of pandemic-related stressors, depression, anxiety, and loneliness increased among college students and young adults (Lee et al, 2020;Li et al, 2020). Concern was raised that, to cope with such distress, some individuals may have increased their drinking (Clay and Parker, 2020;McKay and Asmundson, 2020;Walker et al, 2020;Zaami et al, 2020), consistent with the self-medication hypothesis (Khantzian, 1985). Indeed, associations between distress and drinking to cope during the pandemic have been documented in adults in the community (Rodriguez et al, 2020;Wardell et al, 2020).…”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

Is the COVID‐19 Pandemic a High‐Risk Period for College Student Alcohol Use? A Comparison of Three Spring Semesters

Jaffe

Kumar

Ramirez

et al. 2021

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

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Background: There has been widespread concern that the COVID-19 pandemic may be a high-risk time for alcohol use among heavy drinking populations such as college students. Initial efforts to evaluate changes in college drinking have not yet accounted for typical drinking patterns within a semester.Methods: To fill this gap, we evaluated how college student drinking patterns changed with the onset of restrictions related to the COVID-19 pandemic during spring 2020 relative to spring 2018 and 2019. Participants were 1,365 college students aged 19 and older, including 895 students who reported pastmonth alcohol use. Daily drinking data were extracted from an online Timeline Followback survey.Results: Negative binomial hurdle models revealed that, with the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in spring 2020, college student drinkers did not increase their drinking frequency as was typical in late spring semester, and the number of drinks per occasion declined substantially (28% reduction), greater than the change observed from early to late spring 2018 (3% reduction) or spring 2019 (8% increase). This reduction in drinking quantity in spring 2020 was larger for college student drinkers who moved residences because of the pandemic (49% reduction) than students who did not move (21% reduction). Perceptions in pandemic-related changes in drinking also revealed that 83.5% of college student drinkers self-reported that their drinking stayed the same or decreased.Conclusions: Findings suggest that, on average, college students drank less-not more-during the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic and highlight the importance of living situation in college student drinking behavior. More research is needed to assess alcohol use in other universities, as this information could be utilized in norms-based interventions to further reduce drinking in students who remain at risk.

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“…These simulations allow individuals to gain skills and confidence around initiating and managing conversations about substance use by using evidence-based communication strategies such as motivational interviewing. Walker et al [53] points out that, in these critical times of COVID-19, MI is an ideal framework to address substance use. Even before this crisis occurred, alcohol use was the third leading cause of preventable death, and data has shown that the isolation and anxiety around the COVID-19 pandemic have increased the use of alcohol and other substances.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innovative Virtual Role Play Simulations for Managing Substance Use Conversations: Pilot Study Results and Relevance During and After COVID-19

Albright¹,

Khalid²,

Shockley³

et al. 2021

JMIR Form Res

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Background Substance use places a substantial burden on our communities, both economically and socially. In light of COVID-19, it is predicted that as many as 75,000 more people will die from alcohol and other substance use and suicide as a result of isolation, new mental health concerns, and various other stressors related to the pandemic. Public awareness campaigns that aim to destigmatize substance use and help individuals have meaningful conversations with friends, coworkers, or family members to address substance use concerns are a timely and cost-effective means of augmenting existing behavioral health efforts related to substance use. These types of interventions can supplement the work being done by existing public health initiatives. Objective This pilot study examines the impact of the One Degree: Shift the Influence role play simulation, designed to teach family, friends, and coworkers to effectively manage problem-solving conversations with individuals that they are concerned about regarding substance use. Methods Participants recruited for this mixed methods study completed a presurvey, the simulation, and a postsurvey, and were sent a 6-week follow-up survey. The simulation involves practicing a role play conversation with a virtual human coded with emotions, a memory, and a personality. A virtual coach provides feedback in using evidence-based communication strategies such as motivational interviewing. Results A matched sample analysis of variance revealed significant increases at follow-up in composite attitudinal constructs of preparedness (P<.001) and self-efficacy (P=.01), including starting a conversation with someone regarding substance use, avoiding upsetting someone while bringing up concerns, focusing on observable facts, and problem solving. Qualitative data provided further evidence of the simulation’s positive impact on the ability to have meaningful conversations about substance use. Conclusions This study provides preliminary evidence that conversation-based simulations like One Degree: Shift the Influence that use role play practice can teach individuals to use evidence-based communication strategies and can cost-effectively reach geographically dispersed populations to support public health initiatives for primary prevention.

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Discussing substance use with clients during the COVID-19 pandemic: A motivational interviewing approach.

Cited by 13 publications

References 18 publications

Exploring Factors Associated with Alcohol and/or Substance Use During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Exploring Factors Associated with Alcohol and/or Substance Use During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Is the COVID‐19 Pandemic a High‐Risk Period for College Student Alcohol Use? A Comparison of Three Spring Semesters

Innovative Virtual Role Play Simulations for Managing Substance Use Conversations: Pilot Study Results and Relevance During and After COVID-19

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