Discussion on ecology of earliest reptiles inferred from basal Pennsylvanian trackways
            <b>
              <i>Journal</i>
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            , Vol. 164, 2007, 1113–1118

Keighley, David; Calder, John H.; Park, Adrian F.; Pickerill, Ron K.; Waldron, John W.F.; Falcon-Lang, Howard J.; Benton, Michael J.

doi:10.1144/0016-76492008-045

Cited by 18 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Therefore, all interpretations based on these three ichnotaxa and their potential trackmaker were misleading, as proved by subsequent work (e.g. Haubold and Klein, 2002;Voigt, 2005;Keighley et al, 2008). Because of the poor morphological preservation, these three ichnotaxa are here considered as ichnotaphotaxa and nomina dubia.…”

Section: Examples Of Ichnotaphotaxamentioning

confidence: 92%

“…In that case, any further interpretation based on the misidentified material is potentially erroneous (e.g. supposed earliest reptile tracks by Falcon-Lang et al, 2007, which are probably anamniote tracks after Keighley et al, 2008). Therefore, we recommend that ichnotaphonomy-controlled ichnotaxa should not be used, and to always choose the best-preserved material in the erection of new ichnotaxa.…”

Section: Ichnotaphotaxamentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Defining the morphological quality of fossil footprints. Problems and principles of preservation in tetrapod ichnology with examples from the Palaeozoic to the present

Marchetti¹,

Belvedere

Voigt³

et al. 2019

Earth-Science Reviews

143

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The morphology of fossil footprints is the basis of vertebrate footprint ichnology. However, the processes acting during and after trace fossil registration which are responsible for the final morphology have never been precisely defined, resulting in a dearth of nomenclature. Therefore, we discuss the concepts of ichnotaphonomy, ichnostratinomy, taphonomy, biostratinomy, registration and diagenesis and describe the processes acting on footprint morphology. In order to evaluate the morphological quality of tetrapod footprints, we introduce the concept of morphological preservation, which is related to the morphological quality of footprints (M-preservation, acronym MP), and distinguish it from physical preservation (P-preservation, acronym PP), which characterizes whether or not a track is eliminated by taphonomic and diagenetic processes. M-preservation includes all the morphological features produced during and after track registration prior to its study, and may be divided into substages (ichnostratinomic, registrational, taphonomic, stratinomic, diagenetic). Moreover, we propose an updated numerical preservation scale for M-preservation. It ranges from 0.0 (worst preservation) to 3.0 (best preservation); intermediate values may be used and specific features may be indicated by letters. In vertebrate footprint ichnotaxonomy, we regard the anatomy-consistent morphology and to a lesser extent the trackway pattern as the only acceptable ichnotaxobases. Only footprints showing a good morphological preservation (grade 2.0-3.0) are useful in ichnotaxonomy, whereas ichnotaxa based on poor morphological preservation (grade 0.0-1.5) are considered ichnotaphotaxa (nomina dubia) characterized by extramorphologies. We applied the preservation scale on examples from the Palaeozoic to the present time, including three ichnotaphotaxa and 18 anatomy-consistent ichnotaxa/morphotypes attributed to several vertebrate footprint producers. Results indicate the utility, feasibility and suitability of this method for the entire vertebrate footprint record in any lithofacies, strongly recommending its use in future ichnotaxonomic studies.

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Section: Examples Of Ichnotaphotaxamentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Ichnotaphotaxamentioning

confidence: 99%

Defining the morphological quality of fossil footprints. Problems and principles of preservation in tetrapod ichnology with examples from the Palaeozoic to the present

Marchetti¹,

Belvedere

Voigt³

et al. 2019

Earth-Science Reviews

143

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“…However, beyond the identification of the animal as an amniote, a confident taxonomic assignment is not possible. No single character can reliably be used to distinguish between the tracks of reptiles and those of basal synapsids (i.e., "pelycosaurs") [41].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Early adaptation to eolian sand dunes by basal amniotes is documented in two Pennsylvanian Grand Canyon trackways

2020

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We report the discovery of two very early, basal-amniote fossil trackways on the same bedding plane in eolian sandstone of the Pennsylvanian Manakacha Formation in Grand Canyon, Arizona. Trackway 1, which is Chelichnus-like, we interpret to be a shallow undertrackway. It displays a distinctive, sideways-drifting, footprint pattern not previously documented in a tetrapod trackway. We interpret this pattern to record the trackmaker employing a lateral-sequence gait while diagonally ascending a slope of about 20˚, thereby reducing the steepness of the ascent. Trackway 2 consists only of aligned sets of claw marks. We interpret this trackway to be a deeper undertrackway, made some hours or days later, possibly by an animal that was conspecific with Trackmaker 1, while walking directly up the slope at a speed of approximately 0.1 m/sec. These trackways are the first tetrapod tracks reported from the Manakacha Formation and the oldest in the Grand Canyon region. The narrow width of both trackways indicates that both trackmakers had relatively small femoral abduction angles and correspondingly relatively erect postures. They represent the earliest known occurrence of dunefield-dwelling amniotes-either basal reptiles or basal synapsids-thereby extending the known utilization of the desert biome by amniotes, as well as the presence of the Chelichnus ichnofacies, by at least eight million years, into the Atokan/Moscovian Age of the Pennsylvanian Epoch. The depositional setting was a coastal-plain, eolian dunefield in which tidal or wadi flooding episodically interrupted eolian processes and buried the dunes in mud.

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“…Near the southern margin of the basin, subsurface data show that coal-bearing strata of the Springhill Mines Formation are interbedded with conglomeratic facies of the Polly Brook Formation along the flanks of the Cobequid Highlands (Ryan et al 1991;Calder 1994). Although this unit has been tentatively correlated with the Grande Anse Formation of New Brunswick (Keighley et al 2008), exact stratigraphic relationships are unclear because of structural complications, insufficient biostratigraphic control, and loss of exposure beneath the Bay of Fundy.…”

Section: ? ?mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Pennsylvanian Springhill Mines Formation: sedimentological framework for a portion of the Joggins Fossil Cliffs UNESCO World Heritage Site

Rygel

Sheldon

Stimson

et al. 2014

atgeol

Self Cite

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This is the first detailed study of the coastal exposure of the Springhill Mines Formation within the Joggins Fossil Cliffs World Heritage Site. A 16.9-m-thick interval of dark laminated mudrocks and sharpbased sandstones at the base of our section is reassigned to the top of the Joggins Formation. This interval records a rapid, presumably widespread flooding event and the temporary establishment of a marginalmarine to brackish bay. The overlying 697 m of strata represent deposition in poorly drained and well-drained environments, and are assigned to the Springhill Mines Formation. Strata reflecting poorly drained environments contain green and grey mudrocks, thin coals, sheet sandstones, and channel bodies interpreted to have been deposited in coastal swamps and low-lying parts of a floodplain. Intervals reflecting well-drained conditions contain reddish brown mudrocks, sheet sandstones, and channel bodies interpreted to have been deposited on a vegetated floodplain that was periodically exposed to oxidizing conditions. Strata reflecting poorly drained conditions are thick and abundant in the lower half of the formation and well-drained intervals become thick and more abundant in the upper half. The shift in facies abundance is accompanied by an interpreted evolution in fluvial style from predominantly anastomosed channels (below 376 m) to sheet-like channel bodies (376-449 m) and ultimately to predominantly meandering-channel bodies (449-697 m). The formation-scale changes in drainage conditions and fluvial style records decreased halokinetic subsidence and aggradation of the alluvial surface as sediments shed from the Caledonia Highlands prograded into this part of the basin. rÉSUMÉ Il s'agit de la première étude détaillée sur l' exposition du littoral de la formation de Springhill Mines au sein du site du patrimoine mondial des falaises fossilifères de Joggins. Un intervalle de 16,9 m d' épaisseur de pélites feuilletées foncées et de grès à base nette situé au bas de la section a été rattaché au sommet de la formation de Joggins. Cet intervalle est le résultat d'une inondation rapide et probablement de grande envergure ainsi que de la formation temporaire d'un marginal marin dans une baie saumâtre. La couche sous jacente de 697 m de strate représente un dépôt dans des milieux mal drainés et bien drainés. Ces milieux se trouvent dans la formation de

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Discussion on ecology of earliest reptiles inferred from basal Pennsylvanian trackways Journal , Vol. 164, 2007, 1113–1118

Cited by 18 publications

References 13 publications

Defining the morphological quality of fossil footprints. Problems and principles of preservation in tetrapod ichnology with examples from the Palaeozoic to the present

Defining the morphological quality of fossil footprints. Problems and principles of preservation in tetrapod ichnology with examples from the Palaeozoic to the present

Early adaptation to eolian sand dunes by basal amniotes is documented in two Pennsylvanian Grand Canyon trackways

The Pennsylvanian Springhill Mines Formation: sedimentological framework for a portion of the Joggins Fossil Cliffs UNESCO World Heritage Site

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