Disease mechanisms in Sjögren’s syndrome: What do we know?

Jönsson, Roland

doi:10.1111/sji.13145

Cited by 16 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 55 publications

(121 reference statements)

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“…Autoimmune diseases, including SS, are caused by multiple factors involving genetics, the environment, or a dysfunction of the immune system or the target organs [ 13 ]. The resulting breakdown of the peripheral or central immune tolerance occurs as autoimmunity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virus Infections Play Crucial Roles in the Pathogenesis of Sjögren’s Syndrome

Otsuka

Sato

Takemoto

et al. 2022

Viruses

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Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune disease especially targeting exocrine glands, such as the salivary and lacrimal glands. A radical therapy for SS based on its etiology has not been established because of the complex pathogenesis of the disease. Several studies have demonstrated a relationship between virus infection and SS pathogenesis. In particular, infection with the Epstein-Barr (EB) virus among others is a potent factor associated with the onset or development of SS. Specifically, virus infection in the target organs of SS triggers or promotes autoreactive responses involving the process of autoantigen formation, antigen-presenting function, or T-cell response. Our review of recent research highlights the crucial roles of virus infection in the pathogenesis of SS and discusses the critical association between virus infection and the etiology of autoimmunity in SS.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virus Infections Play Crucial Roles in the Pathogenesis of Sjögren’s Syndrome

Otsuka

Sato

Takemoto

et al. 2022

Viruses

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“…Primary Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is a typical autoimmune disease characterized by progressive inflammation, tissue damage in salivary glands (SGs) and lacrimal glands (LGs), and reduced production of saliva and tears which may lead to symptoms like dry mouth and dry eye (1)(2)(3). It also impairs some organs, including those of the renal, respiratory, and nervous systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells alleviate Sjögren’s syndrome and related pulmonary inflammation through regulating Vγ4+ IL-17+ T cells

Ye¹,

Tang²,

Wang³

et al. 2022

Ann Transl Med

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Background: Since gamma delta (γδ) T cells are involved in various autoimmune diseases, we aimed to verify whether γδ T cells participate in the pathogenesis of Sjögren's syndrome (SS) and related pulmonary inflammation, and also aimed to evaluate the effects of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on SS-related pulmonary inflammation and the γδ T cells.Methods: The saliva flow rates of female non-obese diabetic (NOD/Ltj) mice were measured.Histopathologic analysis was performed in salivary glands (SG) and lung tissues. The levels of γδ T cells and their subsets in the peripheral blood, spleen, and lung were examined by flow cytometry. The purified γδ T cells were adoptively transferred into NOD/Ltj mice. MSC transplantation was performed in 8-week-old NOD/Ltj mice. Results:The results showed lymphocytic infiltration in SG and lacrimal glands (LG), and reduction of saliva flow rates in 8-week NOD/Ltj mice. The levels of γδ T cells decreased in peripheral blood, but increased in the lung of 8-and 12-week-old NOD/Ltj mice. The proportions and numbers of Vγ4 + T cells and Vγ4 + IL-17A + T cells increased in the lung, but decreased in peripheral blood of 8-week-old NOD/Ltj mice. Notably, transfer of γδ T cells decreased the rate of saliva flow, as well as aggravated the pathological changes in the lung. The transplantation of MSCs increased saliva flow rate and alleviated pathological injury in the SG and lung. The frequencies of Vγ4 + T cells and Vγ4 + IL-17A + T cells in the lung and spleen significantly decreased after MSC treatment. Our results demonstrated that γδ T cells and Vγ4+T cells contribute to the pathogenesis of SS and SS-related pulmonary inflammation. In addition, MSCs relieved SS and SS-related pulmonary inflammation through suppressing Vγ4 + IL-17A + T cells.Conclusions: Peripheral Vγ4 + T cells infiltrate into the lung in SS mice, and aggravate the symptoms of SS and SS-related pulmonary inflammation by secreting IL-17A. Meanwhile, lymphocyte infiltration could be reversed by MSC transplantation, which indicates the potential of MSCs in the treatment of SS and SSrelated pulmonary inflammation patients.

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“…However, the pathogenesis of pSS remains to be clarified. The evolution of pSS is believed to be influenced by environmental and genetic factors (Jonsson, 2022). For decades, with the increased intake of high-fat food, high-fat diet (HFD)-related diseases have attracted great attention.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-fat diet-induced intestinal dysbiosis is associated with the exacerbation of Sjogren’s syndrome

Zhang

Liang²,

Liu³

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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Environmental factors are believed to influence the evolution of primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS). The aims of this study were to investigate the association of pSS with a high-fat diet (HFD) and to relate HFD-induced gut dysbiosis to pSS exacerbation. Male Wild Type (WT) and IL-14α transgenic mice (IL-14α TG) were fed a standard diet (SD) and HFD for 11 months. We found an increase in the autoantibody level, more severe dry eye, severe dry mouth symptoms, and an earlier presence of systemic features in the IL-14α TG mice treated with HFD. These data suggest that HFD can promote the process of pSS in the IL-14α TG mice. In addition, an HFD leads to a decrease in the richness of gut microbiota of IL-14α TG mice treated with HFD. The abundance of Deferribacterota was significantly enriched in the IL-14α TG mice treated with HFD compared with other groups. Through the mental test between gut microbiota and clinical parameters, we found that HFD-induced dysbiosis gut microbiota were associated with pSS clinical parameters. In conclusion, HFD results in the aggravation of pSS progression, likely due to the increase of potentially pathogenic microorganisms.

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Disease mechanisms in Sjögren’s syndrome: What do we know?

Cited by 16 publications

References 55 publications

Virus Infections Play Crucial Roles in the Pathogenesis of Sjögren’s Syndrome

Virus Infections Play Crucial Roles in the Pathogenesis of Sjögren’s Syndrome

Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells alleviate Sjögren’s syndrome and related pulmonary inflammation through regulating Vγ4+ IL-17+ T cells

High-fat diet-induced intestinal dysbiosis is associated with the exacerbation of Sjogren’s syndrome

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