Disease of the Skeletal System

Engiles, Julie B.

doi:10.1002/9781118695104.ch10

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…This epidermal–dermal lamellar attachment and dermal connective tissue suspend the distal phalanx within the hoof capsule . Laminitis‐associated lamellar lesions include necrosis, inflammation and aberrant proliferation, with marked distortion of both epidermal and dermal components that often progress to biomechanical failure of the suspensory apparatus of the distal phalanx …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression and localization of epithelial stem cell and differentiation markers in equine skin, eye and hoof

Linardi¹,

Megee²,

Mainardi³

et al. 2015

Veterinary Dermatology

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Background The limited characterization of equine skin, eye and hoof epithelial stem cell (ESC) and differentiation markers impedes the investigation of the physiology and pathophysiology of these tissues. Hypothesis/Objectives To characterize ESC and differentiation marker expression in epithelial tissues of the equine eye, haired skin and hoof capsule. Methods Indirect immunofluorescence microscopy and immunoblotting were utilized to detect expression and tissue localization of keratin (K) isoforms K3, K10, K14, and K124, the transcription factor p63 (a marker of ESCs) and phosphorylated p63 (pp63, a marker of ESC to transit-amplifying (TA) cell transition) in epithelial tissues of the foot (haired skin, hoof coronet and hoof lamellae) and the eye (limbus and cornea). Results K14 expression was restricted to the basal layer of epidermal lamellae, and to basal and adjacent suprabasal layers of the haired skin, coronet and corneal limbus. Coronary and lamellar epidermis was negative for both K3 and K10, which were expressed in the cornea/limbus epithelium and haired skin epidermis, respectively. Variable expression of p63 with relatively low to high levels of phosphorylation was detected in individual basal and suprabasal cells of all epithelial tissues examined. Conclusions This is the first report of the characterization of tissue-specific keratin marker expression and the localization of putative epithelial progenitor cell populations, including ESCs (high p63 expression with low pp63 levels) and TA cells (high expression of both p63 and pp63), in the horse. These results will aid further investigation of epidermal and corneal epithelial biology and regenerative therapies in horses.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression and localization of epithelial stem cell and differentiation markers in equine skin, eye and hoof

Linardi¹,

Megee²,

Mainardi³

et al. 2015

Veterinary Dermatology

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“…Histopathologically, the tendon of the supinator muscle often includes areas of chondro-osseous metaplasia in some species [ 17 ], so it would be possible that an abnormal gait and consequently increased stress on the tendon of the supinator muscle causes a fibrocartilaginous metaplasia and formation of the sesamoid bone to support the tendon [ 2 ]. Alternatively, it could be due to the mineralization of the prenatally existed cartilaginous SSBs during arthritic changes that then becomes radiographically visible [ 4 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiographic and computed tomographic evaluation of supinator sesamoid bones in dogs

Vali

Villamonte-Chevalier²,

Dorny³

et al. 2022

BMC Vet Res

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Background The present study evaluated the frequency of supinator sesamoid bones (SSB) on radiography and computed tomography (CT). Interobserver agreement was evaluated in the detection of the SSBs in both methods. A correlation between the existence of SSBs and elbow diseases (ED) was assessed. For these purposes, radiographs, and CT scans of 100 dogs were scored by 3 observers. Results The SSB was identified as a round to oval-shaped opacity and measured 0.5–6.56 mm × 0.5–6.2 mm. SSBs were reported in an average of 8,33% of dogs on radiographs and 26% of dogs on CT; a bilateral sesamoid bone was present in 43,52% and 76,92% of these dogs, respectively. Seventy-two percent of the SSBs was identified on CT were not detected on radiographs. The Kappa test showed a substantial agreement (κ = 0.691) and a perfect agreement (κ = 1) between the observers in the detection of SSBs on radiography and on CT scans respectively. Additionally, a weak positive correlation was detected between ED and the existence of SSBs. Conclusion A supinator sesamoid bone can be detected occasionally in the evaluation of the canine elbow joints by routine radiography. CT is superior to radiography for assessing SSBs with a higher interobserver agreement. The correlation of the existence of the SSBs and ED, needs further evaluations to prove a probable pathophysiological connection.

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Disease of the Skeletal System

Cited by 2 publications

References 11 publications

Expression and localization of epithelial stem cell and differentiation markers in equine skin, eye and hoof

Expression and localization of epithelial stem cell and differentiation markers in equine skin, eye and hoof

Radiographic and computed tomographic evaluation of supinator sesamoid bones in dogs

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