Diseases Caused by Viruses, Rickettsiae, Bacteria, and Fungi

Johnson, Phyllis T.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-106406-8.50012-1

Cited by 78 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 133 publications

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“…A variety of protozoa moves about or attach to the body surface and gills of crayfish (JOHNSON, 1983). Ectocommensal infestation of the gills and exoskeleton of the crayfish examined in this study was common, but no detrimental effects on crayfish health were observed.…”

Section: Epicommensal Protozoansmentioning

confidence: 85%

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Preliminary Investigations of Disease-Causing Organisms in the White-Clawed Crayfish Austropotamobius Pallipes Complex From Streams of Northern Italy

Quaglio

Morolli

Galuppi

et al. 2006

Bull. Fr. Pêche Piscic.

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A total of 99 live and 3 dead white-clawed crayfish Austropotamobius pallipes complex were collected during the summer and autumn of 2003 from one creek in Emilia Romagna region and four watercourses in Friuli Venezia Giulia region (Northern Italy) for experimental breeding and health status monitoring. Fifty-one animals from the Bidente River were maintained in tanks for breeding, and restocking, while another 30 specimens (27 living and 3 dead) were examined in the laboratory to evaluate their health status. Parasitological surveys were carried out on gills; mycological examinations on the exoskeleton (the walking legs and the abdomen); bacteriological examinations of inoculations from the haemolymph, and histopathological analysis on full transverse and sagittal sections of cephalothorax and abdomen.In the branchial-chambers, the gill filaments and the exoskeleton were observed for ectocommensal peritrich protozoans Epystilis spp. and Cothurnia sieboldii. In crayfish sampled from five streams and rivers, Branchiobdella italica, B. astaci, B. parasita and B. hexodonta were isolated. Heavily damaged gills in the presence of branchiobdellid cocoons were observed in the crayfish found dead in Orvenco creek.Hyaline and dematiaceous hyphomycetes were frequently observed and Fusarium spp. and Saprolegnia sp. were isolated from cuticular lesions.Mortalities occurred in two tanks, after 2 and 4 weeks respectively, in the adult crayfish coming from Bidente River utilized for breeding, with approximately a 23.5% cumulative mortality rate. In both cases the crayfish were weak, anorexic and lethargic. Bull. Fr. Pêche Piscic. (2006) 380-381 : 1271-1290 -1272 -Four and eight moribund samples respectively, coming from the two breeding tanks in which the mortalities occurred, underwent examination. In the first case the mortalities were attributed to Thelohania-like organisms and in the second case the mortalities were associated with enteric bacteria Citrobacter freundii.Key-words: white-clawed crayfish, Austropotamobius pallipes complex, diseases, Northern Italy. INVESTIGATIONS PRÉLIMINAIRES SUR LES PATHOLOGIES DES ÉCREVISSES À PATTES BLANCHES AUSTROPOTAMOBIUS PALLIPES COMPLEX DANS DES COURS D'EAU DU NORD DE L'ITALIE RÉSUMÉ

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Section: Epicommensal Protozoansmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…have been shown to be a problem in marine shrimp and lobster as well as in their freshwater relatives (JOHNSON, 1983). Fusarium solani is described as the cause of brown abdomen disease and fungal infection in the gills of A. leptodactylus and A. pallipes (CHAIN and VEY, 1988;MAESTRACCI and VEY, 1988).…”

Section: Fungimentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary Investigations of Disease-Causing Organisms in the White-Clawed Crayfish Austropotamobius Pallipes Complex From Streams of Northern Italy

Quaglio

Morolli

Galuppi

et al. 2006

Bull. Fr. Pêche Piscic.

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“…In other words, the detection rate obtained here is thought to be lower than the true carrier rate, because we have often experienced that more than half of healthy appearing prawns purchased at these farms became ill with vibriosis during and after acclimation to laboratory conditions unless ap propriate medications were done. This indicates that the carrier state of prawns will develop into overt infection through stress due to handling and adverse environmental conditions (Johnson, 1983). Dectection rate of Vibrio sp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of the Causative Bacterium of Vibriosis in Kuruma Prawn, Penaeus japonicus.

Peña

Momoyama²,

Nakai

et al. 1992

Fish Pathol.

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A one-year field survey on the presence of Vibrio sp. PJ, the causative agent of vibriosis in kuruma prawn (Penaeus japonicus), was carried out in prawn farms in Hiroshima and Yamaguchi Prefectures by a conventional bacterial culture method. The result revealed that the pathogen has already been widely distributed in the prawn culture environment.The population of the pathogen increased both in prawns and in their environment with a rise in water temperature.Indirect fluorescent antibody technique (IFAT) was applied to smear specimens of the lym phoid organ of both experimentally and naturally infected kuruma prawns. This method was found effective as a rapid and reliable diagnostic method for the present disease , though the sen sitivity was slightly lower than that of the culture method.

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“…Since then, a bewildering array of viruses has been described (from electron microscopy) in species such as the blue crab by Johnson (1983) and from shrimps (Sano et al, 1981;Lightner et al, 1983). Some (but not all) of the described viruses have been associated with disease and mortality, in captivity or in culture.…”

Section: Virus Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disease in marine aquaculture

Sindermann

1984

Helgolander Meeresunters

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It has become almost a truism that success in intensive production of animals must be based in part on development of methods for disease diagnosis and control. Excellent progress has been made in m e t h o d s o f d i a g n o s i s for major pathogens of cultivated fish, crustacean and molluscan species. In many instances these have proved to be facultative pathogens, able to exert severe effects in populations of animals under other stresses (marginal physical or chemical conditions; overcrowding). The concept of stress management as a critical prophylactic measure is not new, but its significance is being demonstrated repeatedly. The particular relationship of water quality and facultative pathogens such as Vibrio, Pseudomonas and Aeromonas species has been especially apparent.

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Diseases Caused by Viruses, Rickettsiae, Bacteria, and Fungi

Cited by 78 publications

References 133 publications

Preliminary Investigations of Disease-Causing Organisms in the White-Clawed Crayfish Austropotamobius Pallipes Complex From Streams of Northern Italy

Preliminary Investigations of Disease-Causing Organisms in the White-Clawed Crayfish Austropotamobius Pallipes Complex From Streams of Northern Italy

Detection of the Causative Bacterium of Vibriosis in Kuruma Prawn, Penaeus japonicus.

Disease in marine aquaculture

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