Disentangling Middle Paleozoic sea level and tectonic events in cratonic margins and cratonic basins of North America

Bond, Gérard C.; Kominz, Michelle A.

doi:10.1029/90jb01432

Cited by 58 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…Wilson & Lyashkevich 1996), the reactivation of preexisting structures, far field effects, or changes in intraplate stress, may also occur. Subsidence analysis studies from North America have shown that the initiation of subsidence of the Illinois, Michigan and Williston basins, and the initiation of subsidence of latest Precambrian and earliest Palaeozoic passive margins were coeval with late Precambrian-age supercontinent break-up (Bond & Kominz 1991). A similar relationship between supercontinental break-up and intracontinental basin formation is also noted from the late Proterozoic of Australia (Lindsay & Korsch 1989) and the Mesozoic and Cenozoic of Europe and India (Klein & Hsui 1987).…”

Section: Intracratonic Rift Basinsmentioning

confidence: 66%

Tracing tectonic deformation using the sedimentary record: an overview

McCann

Saintot

2003

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Tectonic activity, on a range of scales, is a fundamental control on sedimentary activity. The range of structural deformation within a region extends from the plate tectonic scale, governing, for example, rift initiation, to the basin scale, with the formation of basinbounding faults. Internal basin configuration is also strongly influenced by tectonic activity. However, the relationship between tectonic activity and sedimentation is a complex one, given the many additional factors which can also influence sedimentary activity, including erosion, sediment transport, source area lithology, groundwater chemistry, range of depositional environments, climate, eustasy, and the relative location of an area and its distality to marine influences. In this paper we provide a selective overview of the issues associated with the interlinked themes of tectonics and sedimentation, examining the main basin types forming in both extensional and compressional plate settings. We then review the various models of sedimentation in the selected basins, both on a local and a basinal scale. Finally, we look to the future -providing a series of possible research areas, almost exclusively multidisciplinary, which would help to improve existing models of interlinked sedimen~tectonics systems.Sedimentary basins, and the depositional successions within them, provide the most tangible and accessible records of the lithospheric, geographical, oceanographic and ecological developments which occur in a specific area over a specific period of time. Tectonic activity, on a range of scales, is a major control on sedimentary activity. In recent years there has been an increase in the number of studies aiming to unravel the links between tectonic events and sedimentary response, both on a basin and intrabasinal scale (e.g.

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Section: Intracratonic Rift Basinsmentioning

confidence: 66%

Tracing tectonic deformation using the sedimentary record: an overview

McCann

Saintot

2003

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“…The rate of Devonian subsidence of the Illinois basin can be inferred by analyzing the thickness of sediments deposited dur ing specified time intervals, making suitable allowance for for changes in water depth and for compaction. According to Kominz and Bond (1990) and Bond and Kominz (1991), the apparent subsidence rate in the Illinois basin was fairly constant during Devonian time, and increased toward the end of the Devonian and through Mississippian time (Fig. 5).…”

Section: Epeirogenic Basins Domes and Archesmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…5). The increase in subsi dence rate at the end of the Devonian exceeds the estimated rate of eustatic sea-level rise, and thus must be the consequence of tectonic processes (Bond and Kominz, 1991). Deposition dur ing the Late Devonian and Early Mississippian yielded the New Albany Shale, an interval of black shale deposited under anaer obic conditions (Stevenson et al, 1981).…”

Section: Epeirogenic Basins Domes and Archesmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Devonian tectonism of the Illinois Basin region, U.S. continental interior

Nelson

Marshak²

1996

Basement and Basins of Eastern North America

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A synthesis of surface and subsurface data for the Illinois basin and its margins demonstrates that tectonic activity occurred in this intracratonic region throughout the Devonian. This activity is manifested by uplift of domes and arches, subsidence of the Illinois basin, and high-angle faulting and formation of forced folds. Most of the structures active during the Devonian were also active before and/or after the Devon ian, and thus represent long-lived crustal weaknesses. Available data, although not sufficient to provide tight constraints on the duration of activity for specific struc tures, do hint that the style and location of Devonian tectonism changed between the Early and Middle Devonian. For most of the Early Devonian, the margins of North America were not major collisional orogens, so the occurrence of deformation in the Illinois basin region during this time suggests that intracratonic tectonism can take place in the absence of collisional boundary loads at the continental margin. The pos sible change in style and location of deformation that occurred in the late Early Devonian suggests that a change in the continental stress field occurred at that time, perhaps related to the onset of the Acadian collision.

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“…Figure 3 shows the evolution of depth to basement, tectonic subsidence, and a thermal subsidence curve fit exclusively to pre-Black River Formations for seven deep wells in the Michigan Basin. Striking is the weakness of the long-term subsidence and the irregularity of the tectonic subsidence curve [Bond and Kominz, 1991]. Stretching factors [McKenzie, 1978] determined from these and other wells are all within the range cif 1.05-1.40.…”

Section: Estimating Tectonic Subsidencementioning

confidence: 96%

Far‐field tilting of Laurentia during the Ordovician and constraints on the evolution of a slab under an ancient continent

Coakley¹,

Gurnis²

1995

J. Geophys. Res.

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Abstract. During a brief period of 10 to 15 million years in the Middle-Ordovician, the Michigan Basin departed from its bull's-eye subsidence pattern and tilted toward the east. opening to the Appalachian basin. This tilting is observed in maps of tectonic subsidence estimated for the Black River and Trenton Formations and extends over 300 km across the Michigan Basin and into eastern Wisconsin. Contours of constant tectonic subsidence rate are approximately parallel to the inferred position of the Laurentian-Iapetus convergent margin. The distance between the inferred position of the subduction zone to the limit of tilting is approximately 1000 km. Three alternative models for the tilting are tested, two relying on the rigidity of the continental lithosphere and a third on the viscous flow generated by a subducted slab. In the fllSt elastic model we assume the edge of the elastic plate is simply loaded from above (by a fold and thrust sheet, volcanic pile, etc.). This model, however, cannot simultaneously satisfy the space of tectonic subsidence and subsidence rate, even for lithospheres which have a rigidity of 1 ()28 Nm. In the second elastic model, the Laurentian continental margin descends into a trench of an eastward dipping slab, that is, a slab descending under the Iapetus ocean. This process cannot generate any significant far field displacements, even for extremely rigid plates, and must be rejected. For the third model we use fmite element solutions of a negatively buoyant slab in a viscous medium with a faulted lithosphere. Such slabs can easily generate not only realistic trenches on the under thrusting plate but also significantly tilt the lithosphere as much as 1000 km from the plate margin. The magnitude and distribution of far-field displacements depend on the age, length, and dip angle of the slab. In contrast to the elastic models, penetration of a westdipping slab beneath the continent can reproduce both the extent. magnitude, and rate of tectonic subsidence observed in the Trenton and Black River Formations. The observed data are best fit by an old slab (140 Ma), which initially descended at a moderate dip (20"-30") for 10-15 m.y., which then steepened as the slab penetrated deeper into the mantle. At the position of the previous Ordovician plate margin, there are narrow, block faulted basins which underwent rapid subsidence -10 m. y. before the Michigan Basin tilted toward the east. We propose that these earlier subsidence events were caused by the initial descent of the slab under the preexisting CambroOrdovician passive margin. The time lag of -10 m.y. may be due to the time it takes the slab to penetrate the upper mantle. This result is important for understanding the time evolution of mantle convection and mechanisms for the initiation of subduction.

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Disentangling Middle Paleozoic sea level and tectonic events in cratonic margins and cratonic basins of North America

Cited by 58 publications

References 89 publications

Tracing tectonic deformation using the sedimentary record: an overview

Tracing tectonic deformation using the sedimentary record: an overview

Devonian tectonism of the Illinois Basin region, U.S. continental interior

Far‐field tilting of Laurentia during the Ordovician and constraints on the evolution of a slab under an ancient continent

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