Disinfection efficiency of positive pressure respiratory protective hood using fumigation sterilization cabinet

Hao, Limei; Wu, Jinhui; Zhang, Enlei; Zhang, Zongxing; Zhang, Jinming; Qi, Jiancheng

doi:10.1016/j.bsheal.2019.02.006

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Previous studies on VHP have primarily focused on efficiency of disinfection of respiratory protection, i.e. masks and face respirators [17,[22][23][24][25]. Our study, on the other hand, have focused on the effect of VHP treatment on a range of PPE including the full body suits/coveralls, face shields, and various layers of N-95 masks including the inner melt blown layer to study fiber integrity and texture using SEM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Importantly, metal ions such as Ag + not only stabilize highly labile H 2 O 2 but also have been shown to synergize the antimicrobial effect of H 2 O 2 [20,21]. Indeed, several studies have demonstrated the utility of hydrogen peroxide vapors in disinfection of masks and face respirators [17,[22][23][24][25]. Nonetheless for PPE disinfection and reuse during pandemics, the method should be robust, have built-in controls for quality assurance and also be optimized to ensure compatibility with a range of PPE (bodysuits, masks and face-shields etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of a highly effective low-cost vaporized hydrogen peroxide-based method for disinfection of personal protective equipment for their selective reuse during pandemics

et al. 2020

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Background: Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is required to safely work with biological agents of bacterial (i.e. Mycobacterium tuberculosis) or viral origin (Ebola and SARS). COVID-19 pandemic especially has created unforeseen public health challenges including a global shortage of PPE needed for the safety of health care workers (HCWs). Although sufficient stocks of PPE are currently available, their critical shortage may develop soon due to increase in demand and depletion of existing supply lines. To empower our HCWs and ensure their continued protection, proactive measures are urgently required to develop procedures to safely decontaminate the PPEs to allow their "selective reuse" during contingency situations. Methods: Herein, we have successfully developed a decontamination method based on vaporized hydrogen peroxide (VHP). We have used a range of concentration of hydrogen peroxide to disinfect PPE (coveralls, face-shields, and N-95 masks). To ensure a proper disinfection, we have evaluated three biological indicators namely Escherichia coli, Mycobacterium smegmatis and spores of Bacillus stearothermophilus, considered as the gold standard for disinfection processes. We next evaluated the impact of repeated VHP treatment on physical features, permeability, and fabric integrity of coveralls and N-95 masks. Next, we performed Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) to evaluate microscopic changes in fiber thickness of N-95 masks, melt blown layer or coverall body suits. Considering the fact that any disinfection procedure should be able to meet local requirements, our study included various regionally procured N-95 masks and coveralls available at our institute All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India. Lastly, the practical utility of VHP method developed herein was ascertained by operationalizing a dedicated research facility disinfecting used PPE during COVID-19. Results: Our prototype studies show that a single VHP cycle (7-8% Hydrogen peroxide) could disinfect PPE and PPE housing room of about 1200 cubic feet (length10 ft × breadth 10 ft × height 12 ft) in less than 10 min, as noted by a complete loss of B. stearothermophilus spore revival. The results are consistent and reproducible as tested in over 10 cycles in our settings. Further, repeated VHP treatment did not result in any physical tear, deformity or other

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a highly effective low-cost vaporized hydrogen peroxide-based method for disinfection of personal protective equipment for their selective reuse during pandemics

et al. 2020

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“…Although the N95 FFR is one of the most commonly used respiratory form of PPE by healthcare workers, powered air purifying respirators (PAPRs) such as positive pressure respiratory protective hoods (PPRPHs) may be used as well, especially during the high-risk procedures such as intubating a sick patient. It is important to state that “UVC, autoclave, and dry heating sterilization are not suitable for PPRPHs” [ 54 ]. This is due to the difference in materials between N95 respirators and the thermoplastic urethane or polyvinyl chloride material in PPRPHs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, similarly to N95 FFR decontamination, VHP may be used. When the injection time was > 15 min, and the consumption of hydrogen peroxide was > 60 g, complete sterilization of Geobacillus stearothermophilus ATCC7953 on PPRPHs could be achieved [ 54 ]. Either 15 min injection time with 4 g/min injection rate, or a 60 min injection time with a 1 g/min injection rate were effective at decontaminating PPRPHs using VHP.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decontamination of respirators amid shortages due to SARS-CoV-2

Thaper

Fagen

2021

Photochem Photobiol Sci

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The pandemic created by SARS-CoV-2 has caused a shortage in the supplies of N95 filtering facepiece respirators (FFRs), disposable respirators with at least 95% efficiency to remove non-oily airborne particles, due to increasing cases all over the world. The current article reviewed various possible decontamination methods for FFR reuse including ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI), hydrogen peroxide vapor (HPV), microwave-generated steam (MGS), hydrogen peroxide gas plasma (HPGP), and 70% or higher ethanol solution. HPV decontamination was effective against bacterial spores (6 log 10 reduction of Geobacillus stearothermophilus spores ) on FFRs and viruses (> 4 log 10 reduction of various types of viruses) on inanimate surfaces, and no degradation of respirator materials and fit has been reported. 70% or higher ethanol decontamination showed high efficacy in inactivation of coronaviruses on inanimate surfaces (> 3.9 log 10 reduction) but it was lower on FFRs which filtration efficiency was also decreased. UVGI method had good biocidal efficacy on FFRs (> 3 log 10 reduction of H1N1 virus) combined with inexpensive, readily available equipment; however, it was more time-consuming to ensure sufficient reduction in SARS-CoV-2. MGS treatment also provided good viral decontamination on FFRs (> 4 log 10 reduction of H1N1 virus) along with less time-intensive process and readily available equipment while inconsistent disinfection on the treated surfaces and deterioration of nose cushion of FFRs were observed. HPGP was a good virucidal system (> 6 log 10 reduction of Vesicular stomatitis virus ) but filtration efficiency after decontamination was inconsistent. Overall, HPV appeared to be one of the most promising methods based on the high biocidal efficacy on FFRs, preservation of respirator performance after multiple cycles, and no residual chemical toxicity. Nonetheless, equipment cost and time of the HPV process and a suitable operating room need to be considered.

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“…Hydrogen peroxide vapour decontamination technique, which is normally used to fumigate hospital rooms can be scaled to permit simultaneous sterilization. After 5 cycles applying Clarus C system® (Bioquell, Horsham, PA), the respirators appeared similar to new with no deformity 190,191 . After 10 cycles applying 7% H2O2 solution via the Pathogo Curis® (Curis) a complete decontamination of multiple virus…”

Section: Hydrogen Peroxide (H2o2)mentioning

confidence: 99%

From Extracellular Vesicles to Global Environment: A Cosmopolite SARS-Cov-2 Virus<strong> </strong>

Kralj-Iglič¹,

Dahmane²,

T³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Within the micro and nano world, tiny membrane-enclosed bits of material are more or less free to move and act as communication tools within cells, between cells, between different tissues and between organisms in global environment. Based on the mechanism of membrane budding and vesiculation that includes all types of cells, in this review, we attempted to present a review on SARS-CoV-2 virus actions in compartments of different scales (cells and their surroundings, tissues, organisms and society). Interactions of the virus with cells on a molecular level, with neural system, endothelium, hematopoietic system, gastrointestinal system and genitourinary system. Transmission route between organisms and between mother and fetus are considered. Also, transmission of virus through contact with materials and with environment, the suggested measures to prevent contamination with the virus and to support the organism against the disease are given.

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Disinfection efficiency of positive pressure respiratory protective hood using fumigation sterilization cabinet

Cited by 10 publications

References 20 publications

Development of a highly effective low-cost vaporized hydrogen peroxide-based method for disinfection of personal protective equipment for their selective reuse during pandemics

Development of a highly effective low-cost vaporized hydrogen peroxide-based method for disinfection of personal protective equipment for their selective reuse during pandemics

Decontamination of respirators amid shortages due to SARS-CoV-2

From Extracellular Vesicles to Global Environment: A Cosmopolite SARS-Cov-2 Virus<strong> </strong>

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