Dismantling the Poverty Trap: Disability Policy for the Twenty‐First Century

Stapleton, David C.; O’Day, Bonnie; Livermore, Gina; Imparato, Andrew J.

doi:10.1111/j.1468-0009.2006.00465.x

Cited by 108 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Or they may stick with lower-paying jobs to retain public healthcare coverage or cash benefits, which would be lost if their income increased beyond the eligibility limit [19]. Whether due to lack of ambition or rational choice, many workers with disabilities might be voluntarily underemployed, settling for lower-status, lower-paid jobs rather than pursuing opportunities for advancement or training.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stuck at the Bottom Rung: Occupational Characteristics of Workers with Disabilities

Kaye

2009

J Occup Rehabil

105

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Introduction The proportion of workers reporting disabilities varies tremendously across occupations. Although differences in the occupational distributions may partly explain the large disparities in earnings and job security between workers with and without disabilities, little is known about the reasons that workers with disabilities are underrepresented in certain occupations and overrepresented in others. Methods Using a large, national survey of the US population combined with official data on the skill and experience requirements and occupational risks of 269 occupations, a multilevel regression analysis was performed to identify occupational and individual factors that influence the representation of workers with disabilities across occupations. Models of overall, sensory, mobility, and cognitive disability were constructed for working-age labor force participants, as were models of overall disability for younger, in-between, and older workers. Results At the occupational level, reported disability is negatively associated with occupational requirements for information and communication skills and with the amount of prior work experience that is required, after controlling for individual factors such as age and educational attainment. Little relationship is found between disability status and a set of occupational risk factors. These findings generally hold true across disability types and age groups. Conclusions Even after taking into account their lower average educational attainment, workers with disabilities appear to be disproportionately relegated to entry-level occupations that do not emphasize the betterremunerated job skills. Underemployment results in lower wages and less job security and stability. Possible reasons include employer discrimination, low expectations, deficits in relevant skills or experience, and work disincentives.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stuck at the Bottom Rung: Occupational Characteristics of Workers with Disabilities

Kaye

2009

J Occup Rehabil

105

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“…Policy interventions to increase income among SRO residents and other marginally housed populations should include attention to disability benefit levels. Past research has noted both the high rates of food insecurity among individuals with disabling conditions and the inadequacy of US disability benefit levels in meeting food, housing and other essential costs (3,4,62) . The current study has a number of limitations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and covariates of food insecurity among residents of single-room occupancy housing in Chicago, IL, USA

Bowen¹,

Bowen²,

Barman‐Adhikari³

2015

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: Emerging evidence suggests that food insecurity is a significant public health concern among people who are homeless or marginally housed. The present study assessed prevalence of food insecurity and its covariates among a group of marginally housed individuals living in single-room occupancy (SRO) dwellings, a population for which there is little extant health or nutrition research. Design: Cross-sectional survey incorporating the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale. Setting: Ten private SRO residences in the Uptown neighbourhood of Chicago, IL, USA, 2013. Subjects: SRO residents over 18 years of age who were able to communicate verbally in English (n 153). Results: Food insecurity was widespread among SRO residents, with 75 % of the sample considered food insecure and 52 % meeting criteria for severe food insecurity. Bivariate analyses indicated that female gender, eating most meals at a soup kitchen, having a mental health condition, problem drinking, having at least one chronic health condition, and diabetes were all significantly associated with food insecurity. In the multivariate ordered logistic regression model, eating most meals at a soup kitchen remained as the only significant correlate of food insecurity (OR = 10·13). Conclusions: SRO residents and other marginally housed populations face unique food access challenges. Although targeted assistance in the form of food stamps and congregate meal programmes remains critical, efforts to prevent and address food insecurity among homeless and marginally housed individuals should include policy interventions that recognize poverty as the root cause of food insecurity and aim to increase overall income and improve housing conditions.

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“…Those who receive assistance often live in long-term care facilities, although there has been a substantial effort to place such individuals in non-institutional settings and provide them with home and community based care, mostly under Medicaid waivers. These programs are rooted in an era of paternalism toward people with disabilities (Stapleton et al, 2006).…”

Section: B Historical Funding Biasmentioning

confidence: 99%