Disordered Gut Microbiota Correlates With Altered Fecal Bile Acid Metabolism and Post-cholecystectomy Diarrhea

Xu, Yayun; Jing, Hui; Wang, Jianfa; Zhang, Shilong; Chang, Qimeng; Li, Zhanming; Wu, Xubo; Zhang, Ziping

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2022.800604

Cited by 25 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…Frontiers in Microbiology 07 frontiersin.org for bacterial growth both directly (antimicrobial) and indirectly (diarrhoea). We are, however, unable to account for why reduced diversity was not seen in equal measure in the post-cholecystectomy and Crohn's disease cohorts despite a recent study demonstrating reduced diversity in the post-cholecystectomy cohort compared to non-post-cholecystectomy patients and healthy controls (Xu et al, 2022). Further research is needed to explore the relationship between bile acids, bile acid receptors such as the farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and FGF-19 and their interaction with the microbiome to understand the pathophysiology of disease underpinning these different cohorts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

The analysis of gut microbiota in patients with bile acid diarrhoea treated with colesevelam

et al. 2023

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IntroductionBile acid diarrhoea (BAD) is a common disorder that results from an increased loss of primary bile acids and can result in a change in microbiome. The aims of this study were to characterise the microbiome in different cohorts of patients with BAD and to determine if treatment with a bile acid sequestrant, colesevelam, can alter the microbiome and improve microbial diversity.Materials and methodsPatients with symptoms of diarrhoea underwent 75-selenium homocholic acid (75SeHCAT) testing and were categorised into four cohorts: idiopathic BAD, post-cholecystectomy BAD, post-operative Crohn’s disease BAD and 75SeHCAT negative control group. Patients with a positive 75SeHCAT (<15%) were given a trial of treatment with colesevelam. Stool samples were collected pre-treatment, 4-weeks, 8-weeks and 6–12 months post-treatment. Faecal 16S ribosomal RNA gene analysis was undertaken.ResultsA total of 257 samples were analysed from 134 patients. α-diversity was significantly reduced in patients with BAD and more specifically, in the idiopathic BAD cohort and in patients with severe disease (SeHCAT <5%); p < 0.05. Colesevelam did not alter bacterial α/β-diversity but patients who clinically responded to treatment had a significantly greater abundance of Fusobacteria and Ruminococcus, both of which aid in the conversion of primary to secondary bile acids.ConclusionThis is the first study to examine treatment effects on the microbiome in BAD, which demonstrated a possible association with colesevelam on the microbiome through bile acid modulation in clinical responders. Larger studies are now needed to establish a causal relationship with colesevelam and the inter-crosstalk between bile acids and the microbiome.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

The analysis of gut microbiota in patients with bile acid diarrhoea treated with colesevelam

et al. 2023

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“…We found similar ora richness and structure in both groups. However, Xu et al [27]found that the abundance and homogeneity of intestinal ora were signi cantly lower in DG group compared with NG group, as well as a signi cant difference in the composition of intestinal ora, which may be related to the elevated secondary bile acids concentration after cholecystectomy. The accumulation of secondary bile acids in colon stimulates colonic 5-HT and increases colon motility, leading to diarrhea [28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Alteration of Ascending Colon Mucosal Microbiota in Patients after Cholecystectomy

Fan

Lü

Cui

et al. 2023

Preprint

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BACKGROUND Cholecystectomy is an effective therapy for gallstones, however, the incidence of CRC has increased significantly in post-cholecystectomy (PC) patients. Whether it is related to the changed mucosal microbiota in ascending colon is still unclear. AIM To explore the association between gut microbiota and cholecystectomy. METHODS Mucosal biopsy samples were collected from 30 PC patients (the test group) with gallbladder stones and 28 healthy individuals (the control group) by colonoscopy. Subsequently, the test group was subdivided into the YMA group or SNR group(age over or under 60), DG group or NG group (with or without diarrhea) and Log group or Sht group(duration over or under 5 years) according to patients’ clinical characteristics. 16S-rRNA gene amplicon sequencing was performed and alpha diversity, beta diversity and composition analysis were determined. The Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States based on the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes database was used to predict the function of the microbiome. RESULTS The PC patients showed similar richness and overall composition with healthy controls, but PC patients over 60 years showed a different structure than those under 60 years. At the phylum level, the richness of Bacteroidetes was significantly higher in PC patients. Similarly, the genus Bacteroides, Parabacteroidesand Bilophila were remarkably more abundant in PC patients compared with the controls. In addition, the PC patients had significant enrichments in both metabolic pathways, including Lipopolysaccharide and vancomycin group antibiotics biosynthesis compared to the controls. CONCLUSION Our study suggested that mucosal microbiota was changed in PC patients, which may reveal new insight into therapeutic options for colorectal cancer and diarrhea after cholecystectomy.

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“…High expression of Muribaculum has been suggested as a possible marker of bile acid metabolism disorders (Marion et al, 2020). Erysipelotrichaceae UCG-003 has been reported to be associated with disorders of bile acid metabolism as well as intestinal dysfunction (Xu et al, 2022), which is also related to the induction of intestinal inflammation (Cheng et al, 2021) and tumor development (Zhao et al, 2021). Sutterella has been mentioned more in Crohn's disease and inflammatory bowel diseases in recent years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the mechanism of action of Sanzi formula in intervening colorectal adenoma by targeting intestinal flora and intestinal metabolism

Shang

Guo

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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BackgroundSanzi formula (SZF) is a kind of Chinese herbal compound that has a certain effect on the prevention and treatment of colorectal adenoma (CRA), which can prevent and control the process of CRA-cancer transformation. In this study, we explored the mechanism of action of SZF in anti-CRA using 16S rRNA sequencing and metabolomics technology.MethodsMice were randomly divided into three groups: Control group, Apcmin/+ model group, and SZF treatment group. Except for the Control group, which used C57BL/6 J mice, the remaining two groups used Apcmin/+ mice. The Control group and Apcmin/+ model group were treated with ultrapure water by gavage, while the SZF treatment group was treated with SZF for 12 weeks. During this period, the physical changes of mice in each group were observed. The gut microbiota was determined by high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene, and LC-ESI-MS/MS was used for colorectal metabolomics analysis.ResultsSequencing of the 16S rRNA gut flora yielded 10,256 operational taxonomic units and metabolomic analysis obtained a total of 366 differential metabolites. The intestinal flora analysis showed that SZF could improve intestinal flora disorders in Apcmin/+ mice. For instance, beneficial bacteria such as Gastranaerophilales significantly increased and harmful bacteria such as Angelakisella, Dubosiella, Muribaculum, and Erysipelotrichaceae UCG-003 substantially decreased after the SZF intervention. In addition, metabolomic data analysis demonstrated that SZF also improved the colorectal metabolic profile of Apcmin/+ mice. In Apcmin/+ mice, metabolites such as Anserine and Ectoine were typically increased after SZF intervention; in contrast, metabolites such as Taurocholic acid, Taurochenodesoxycholic acid, Hyocholic acid, Cholic acid, and Tauro-alpha-muricholic acid showed noteworthy reductions. Metabolic flora association analysis indicated that 13 differential flora and 11 differential metabolites were associated.ConclusionSZF affects the abundance of specific intestinal flora and regulates intestinal flora disorders, improves colorectal-specific metabolites, and ameliorates intestinal metabolic disorders to prevent and treat CRA. Furthermore, the application of intestinal flora and colorectal metabolomics association analysis offers new strategies to reveal the mechanism of action of herbal medicines for the treatment of intestinal diseases.

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Disordered Gut Microbiota Correlates With Altered Fecal Bile Acid Metabolism and Post-cholecystectomy Diarrhea

Cited by 25 publications

References 50 publications

The analysis of gut microbiota in patients with bile acid diarrhoea treated with colesevelam

The analysis of gut microbiota in patients with bile acid diarrhoea treated with colesevelam

Alteration of Ascending Colon Mucosal Microbiota in Patients after Cholecystectomy

Exploring the mechanism of action of Sanzi formula in intervening colorectal adenoma by targeting intestinal flora and intestinal metabolism

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