Disparate roads to certainty processing strategy choices under need for closure

Kossowska, Małgorzata; Szumowska, Ewa; Dragon, Piotr; Jaśko, Katarzyna; Kruglanski, Arie W.

doi:10.1080/10463283.2018.1493066

Cited by 21 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 99 publications

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“…In the control condition, participants with high NFCC agreed more with stereotypes than people with low NFCC, t (71) = -3.06, p = .003. This finding suggests that they generally depend on heuristic processing, as the literature suggested (Kossowska et al, 2018;Kruglanski & Webster, 1996). The current results show that some interventions were effective in reducing the stigma of people with high NFCC.…”

Section: The Moderating Role Of Nfccsupporting

confidence: 67%

“…First, people with high NFCC prefer to reach an answer quickly, feeling discomfort with ambiguity (Kossowska & Van Hiel, 2003;Kruglanski & Webster, 1996;Roets & Van Hiel, 2011). Because stereotypes are a useful means to address ambiguity, people with high NFCC use them to form their opinions (Kossowska, Szumowska, Dragon, Jaśko, & Kruglanski, 2018;Kruglanski et al, 2009;Sun, Zuo, Wu, & Wen, 2016). Given that stereotypes regarding mental illnesses are often negative, their attitudes towards people with a mental illness will likely be more negative as a result.…”

Section: Need For Cognitive Closurementioning

confidence: 99%

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Using counterframing strategies to enhance anti-stigma campaigns related to mental illness

Vyncke

Gorp

2020

Social Science & Medicine

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Section: The Moderating Role Of Nfccsupporting

confidence: 67%

Section: Need For Cognitive Closurementioning

confidence: 99%

Using counterframing strategies to enhance anti-stigma campaigns related to mental illness

Vyncke

Gorp

2020

Social Science & Medicine

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“…Previous studies have shown that people with high NFC prefer effort-minimizing strategies in task performance situations (see Kruglanski and Webster 1996;Roets et al 2015). However, other studies have revealed that they can invest more effort in task performance than their low-NFC counterparts when faced with ambiguous tasks or experimentally evoked uncertainty (Kossowska et al 2018). This effort investment pattern of NFC has also been demonstrated in psychophysiological studies when the only instrumental option to restore certainty was effortful performance (effort indexed as SBP, Szumowska et al 2017) or when a task was unsolvable, but important (effort measured at the neurocortical level, Kossowska et al 2019).…”

Section: Motivation Toward Closure Uncontrollability and Effort Invmentioning

confidence: 88%

Effort investment in uncontrollable situations: The moderating role of motivation toward closure

2021

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According to the principle of energy-conservation principle, effort investment is usually reduced in situations that are perceived as uncontrollable. This is because when success is recognized as impossible, any effortful actions are no longer justified. However, we predicted that individual differences in uncertainty tolerance, i.e., the need for closure (NFC), may moderate effort investment in uncontrollable situations. We tested this prediction in two experimental studies in which we exposed participants with differing levels of NFC to uncontrollable events, and indexed effort through the assessment of systolic blood pressure (SBP) responses. As predicted, in the uncontrollability (vs. controllability) condition, effort investment decreased significantly among low- but not high-NFC participants. Since gaining certainty and achieving closure is not a critical epistemic goal for low-NFC individuals, exerting extra effort to gain certainty is therefore no longer justified. On the other hand, high-NFC participants do not withhold their efforts, as they are highly motivated to obtain certainty. These results may help to account for contradictory findings in effort-investment behaviour and add substantively to the literature concerning motivation toward closure.

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“…NFC influences the creation and use of cognitive schemas and stereotypes, determining the way people think and act in the real environment (Kossowska et al 2015;Kossowska et al 2018). Reliance on acquired mental schemas causes biases in search and use for information, leading high NFC individuals to omit facts that contradict established knowledge.…”

Section: Need For Cognitive Closure and Historical Ethnocentric Biasmentioning

confidence: 99%

A cognitively-gated place? The role of need for closure in a biased perception of the place’s past

2019

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Biased memory of the past is often a starting point for intergroup conflicts. In three correlational studies, we examined the relationship between need for closure (NFC) and historical ethnocentric bias, a tendency to overestimate the role of one's ethnic group in the multicultural history of the city of residence. In addition, we checked whether this relationship would be mediated by an individual preference for essentialist places. We found that higher NFC was related to increased historical ethnocentric bias. Moreover, this relation was mediated by preference for an essentialist type of a place. Our results may contribute to understanding the role of individual differences and preferred type of place in shaping a biased representation of the past. Furthermore, our research findings point to the importance of raising awareness of the multicultural past among high NFC individuals.

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Disparate roads to certainty processing strategy choices under need for closure

Cited by 21 publications

References 99 publications

Using counterframing strategies to enhance anti-stigma campaigns related to mental illness

Using counterframing strategies to enhance anti-stigma campaigns related to mental illness

Effort investment in uncontrollable situations: The moderating role of motivation toward closure

A cognitively-gated place? The role of need for closure in a biased perception of the place’s past

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