Disparities in COVID-19 Outcomes by Race, Ethnicity, and Socioeconomic Status

Magesh, Shruti; John, Daniel; Li, Wei Tse; Li, Yuxiang; Mattingly-App, Aidan; Jain, Sharad; Chang, Eric Y.; Ongkeko, Weg M.

doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.34147

Cited by 537 publications

(435 citation statements)

References 94 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

395

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Patients of Black, Hispanic and South Asian origin also have a higher case fatality rate. Inequitable access to healthcare is at least partly responsible for these ethnic differences ( 10 , 11 ).…”

Section: Patients At Increased Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

Common Variable Immunodeficiency Disorders as a Model for Assessing COVID-19 Vaccine Responses in Immunocompromised Patients

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Patients At Increased Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

Common Variable Immunodeficiency Disorders as a Model for Assessing COVID-19 Vaccine Responses in Immunocompromised Patients

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Nevertheless, on this final point, diagnosis of myocardial injury is based on clinical, EKG, laboratory, and imaging data and coronary angiography is often not required to make this diagnosis. While some authors [ 23 ] have suggested a racial predisposition to adverse outcomes from COVID-19, the present study could not study the effect of race on mortality outcomes due to sample size limitations. Such data was also not available for meta-analysis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Myocardial injury in hospitalized COVID-19 patients: a retrospective study, systematic review, and meta-analysis

Changal

Veria

Mack

et al. 2021

BMC Cardiovasc Disord

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction The majority of studies evaluating the effect of myocardial injury on the survival of COVID-19 patients have been performed outside of the United States (U.S.). These studies have often utilized definitions of myocardial injury that are not guideline-based and thus, not applicable to the U.S. patient population. Methods The current study is a two-part investigation of the effect of myocardial injury on the clinical outcome of patients hospitalized with COVID-19. The first part is a retrospective analysis of 268 patients admitted to our healthcare system in Toledo, Ohio, U.S.; the second part is a systematic review and meta-analysis of all similar studies performed within the U.S. Results In our retrospective analysis, patients with myocardial injury were older (mean age 73 vs. 59 years, P 0.001), more likely to have hypertension (86% vs. 67%, P 0.005), underlying cardiovascular disease (57% vs. 24%, P 0.001), and chronic kidney disease (26% vs. 10%, P 0.004). Myocardial injury was also associated with a lower likelihood of discharge to home (35% vs. 69%, P 0.001), and a higher likelihood of death (33% vs. 10%, P 0.001), acute kidney injury (74% vs. 30%, P 0.001), and circulatory shock (33% vs. 12%, P 0.001). Our meta-analysis included 12,577 patients from 8 U.S. states and 55 hospitals who were hospitalized with COVID-19, with the finding that myocardial injury was significantly associated with increased mortality (HR 2.43, CI 2.28–3.6, P 0.0005). The prevalence of myocardial injury ranged from 9.2 to 51%, with a mean prevalence of 27.2%. Conclusion Hospitalized COVID-19 patients in the U.S. have a high prevalence of myocardial injury, which was associated with poorer survival and outcomes.

show abstract

“…The use of mAb is a safe and effective treatment for individuals with high-risk conditions for disease progression. Age over 65 (Odd ratio:6.01), Hispanic race (Odds Ratio: 1.35), diabetes mellitus (Odd Ratio: 3.68), coronary artery disease (Odds Ratio: 3.23), and obesity (Odds Ratio: 4.17) have been associated with increased risk of progression to severe illness [10][11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A High-Risk Patient With COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Successfully Treated With Monoclonal Antibodies Through Two Major Surges

Gurjar¹,

Ghazanfar²,

Haider³

et al. 2022

Cureus

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Vaccine hesitancy remains a significant challenge in managing the current pandemic despite highly effective vaccines in the United States. Monoclonal antibodies (mAb) are an essential addition to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) treatment, along with oral antiviral agents (OAA), for non-hospitalized patients having risk factors for progression to severe COVID-19, especially in unvaccinated people. We present a case of a 74-year-old unvaccinated Hispanic woman with a history of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, coronary artery disease, obesity, and asthma who survived two episodes of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections in January 2021 and December 2021 with exclusive use of mAb. Our case highlights the importance of using mAbs for treating high-risk patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection, especially in patients with vaccine hesitancy.

show abstract

Disparities in COVID-19 Outcomes by Race, Ethnicity, and Socioeconomic Status

Cited by 537 publications

References 94 publications

Common Variable Immunodeficiency Disorders as a Model for Assessing COVID-19 Vaccine Responses in Immunocompromised Patients

Common Variable Immunodeficiency Disorders as a Model for Assessing COVID-19 Vaccine Responses in Immunocompromised Patients

Myocardial injury in hospitalized COVID-19 patients: a retrospective study, systematic review, and meta-analysis

A High-Risk Patient With COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Successfully Treated With Monoclonal Antibodies Through Two Major Surges

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About