Disparities in Hypertension Among African-Americans: Implications of Insufficient Sleep

Covassin, Naima; Greene, Eddie L.; Singh, Prachi; Somers, Virend K.

doi:10.1007/s11906-018-0855-1

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 133 publications

(165 reference statements)

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“…In the current study, compared with whites, African-Americans were more likely to have actigraphy-assessed SSD, a finding consistent with prior studies [20][21][22][39][40][41]. In one study of 246 African-American and white adolescents, shorter sleep duration was associated with higher sleep SBP, sleep DBP, and nondipping SBP [17].…”

Section: Sleep Duration and Nocturnal Hypertensionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…We examined the association of actigraphy-assessed SSD and LSD with sleep BP, nocturnal hypertension, and nondipping SBP in white and African-American adults enrolled in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study. As African-Americans have a higher prevalence of SSD [20][21][22], nocturnal hypertension and nondipping SBP compared with whites [23,24], we also evaluated racial differences in the associations of SSD and LSD with sleep BP, nocturnal hypertension, and nondipping SBP.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The association of actigraphy-assessed sleep duration with sleep blood pressure, nocturnal hypertension, and nondipping blood pressure: the coronary artery risk development in young adults (CARDIA) study

Abdalla

Sakhuja²,

Akinyelure³

et al. 2021

Journal of Hypertension

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Nocturnal hypertension and nondipping systolic blood pressure (SBP) are associated with increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Short and long sleep duration (SSD and LSD) are also associated with increased CVD risk and may be risk factors for nocturnal hypertension and nondipping SBP. We examined the association between SSD and LSD with sleep BP, nocturnal hypertension, and nondipping SBP among 647 white and African American Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study participants who completed 24-h ambulatory BP monitoring, wrist actigraphy, and sleep diaries in 2015-2016. Methods:The times when participants were asleep and awake were determined from actigraphy complemented by sleep diaries. Nocturnal hypertension was defined as sleep BP !120/70 mmHg and nondipping SBP as mean sleep-to-awake SBP ratio >0.90. Sleep duration was categorized as SSD (<6 h), normal sleep duration (NSD: 6-8.9 h), and LSD (!9 h). Results:The prevalence of SSD and LSD were 13.9 and 21.1%, respectively. Compared to participants with NSD, participants with LSD had higher mean sleep SBP (2.1 mmHg, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.2, 4.1 mmHg) and diastolic BP (1.7 mmHg, 95% CI 0.5, 3.0 mmHg). Participants with LSD had a higher prevalence of nocturnal hypertension (prevalence ratio [PR]: 1.26, 95% CI 1.03-1.54) and nondipping SBP (PR 1.33, 95% CI 1.03-1.72) compared to participants with NSD. There was no evidence of an association between SSD and sleep SBP or DBP, nocturnal hypertension, or nondipping SBP.

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Section: Sleep Duration and Nocturnal Hypertensionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association of actigraphy-assessed sleep duration with sleep blood pressure, nocturnal hypertension, and nondipping blood pressure: the coronary artery risk development in young adults (CARDIA) study

Abdalla

Sakhuja²,

Akinyelure³

et al. 2021

Journal of Hypertension

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“…Race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status appear to interact to predict higher likelihood of exposure to chronic stress and associated behavioral (e.g., health risk behaviors, insufficient sleep) and biological stress processes (e.g., elevated cortisol, inflammatory markers, blood pressure reactivity), which then predict poor health outcomes (Covassin et al, 2018;Myers, 2009). Although African Americans have not been sufficiently represented in mindfulness research, studies of mindfulness interventions in the general adult population support mindfulness for targeting multiple pathways implicated in health disparities.…”

Section: Why Mindfulness Interventions Are Relevant For African Americansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Promoting Mindfulness in African American Communities

et al. 2020

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African Americans report higher rates of chronic stress compared to non-Hispanic Whites. Consequently, chronic stress contributes to disproportionately higher rates of poor health outcomes among African Americans. Mindfulness meditation is a well-established and studied strategy to reduce stress and potentially improve health outcomes. However, the practice of mindfulness meditation is largely underutilized in African American communities despite its potential health benefits. In this commentary, we will discuss the relevance of mindfulness interventions, limited research available, reasons for low representation, and cultural adaptations for mindfulness meditation in African American communities. We also provide additional strategies to guide future mindfulness research that target African Americans.

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“…The purpose of this study was to generate a deeper understanding of the lived experience and told stories of African American adults with HTN participating in a faithbased program in the Midwest. Several studies have been conducted on HTN among African American people (Butler et al, 2017;Covassin, et al, 2018;Forde et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussion/conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The experience of living with hypertension: a narrative analysis

Oyewusi¹

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Hypertension, an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease, claims about 17.9 million lives every year. There is a largely uncontrolled hypertension epidemic, which results in significant numbers of life-threatening conditions such as myocardial infarction, aneurysm, stroke, end-stage renal disease, congestive heart failure, dementia, and stroke. Adherence to lifestyle modifications and antihypertensive medications is pivotal to hypertension management. Health literacy and social support are germane to medication adherence. The African American population has a disproportionate burden of hypertension. Churches are the livewires of the African American community, advocating multitiered changes that create healthy and supportive living conditions for long-term wellbeing, especially in underserved societies. While many research studies have focused on hypertension, little has been done to explore the illness narratives of African American adults with hypertension. Therefore, the rationale for this narrative study was to generate a deeper understanding of the lived experience and told stories of African American adults with hypertension participating in a faith-based wellness program. Purposeful sampling recruited African American adults (n=15) living with hypertension and participating in a faith-based wellness program. Individual interviews were conducted in person and via Zoom/telephone. Riessman narrative analysis, with the underlying paradigm of social constructionism, was utilized to guide data collection and thematic analysis. Six themes emerged. The overarching theme was self-care behaviors in hypertension management. The main themes were the discovery of the hypertension diagnosis, the realization of hypertension chronicity, the impact of hypertension on everyday life, and social support. Sub-themes were 'Where do I go from here?' and 'social support: not always up for grabs'. Roadblocks to social support included healthcare professionals' historical and current negative attitudes toward people of color. Self-care behaviors played a dominant role in managing hypertension for this group of African American adults who were participating in a faith-based wellness program. Routine medical screenings were critical in the early discovery of hypertension. The chronic nature of hypertension necessitates consistency in lifestyle changes and medication adherence, which may be enhanced by social support and health literacy. Future research should consider the development of interventions that enhance health literacy and social support from the healthcare system, family, and church among African American people living with hypertension.

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Disparities in Hypertension Among African-Americans: Implications of Insufficient Sleep

Cited by 10 publications

References 133 publications

The association of actigraphy-assessed sleep duration with sleep blood pressure, nocturnal hypertension, and nondipping blood pressure: the coronary artery risk development in young adults (CARDIA) study

The association of actigraphy-assessed sleep duration with sleep blood pressure, nocturnal hypertension, and nondipping blood pressure: the coronary artery risk development in young adults (CARDIA) study

Promoting Mindfulness in African American Communities

The experience of living with hypertension: a narrative analysis

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