Objective: The aim of this research was to determine the impact of insurance status on 30-day surgical outcomes for the treatment of gynecologic cancer. Materials and Methods: A retrospective cohort study of surgically treated gynecologic oncology patients in a large, prospective, cancer-survivorship cohort from April 2010 to August 2016 was performed. Inclusion criteria were: (1) diagnosis of gynecologic cancer; (2) surgical management of the cancer; and (3) documented insurance status. Primary outcomes were any 30-day postoperative complications (Clavien-Dindo score ‡1) and serious 30-day complications (Clavien-Dindo score ‡2). Exposure of interest was insurance status at time of diagnosis, classified as private (PRI), public (PUB), or no insurance/self-pay (NI/SP). Relative risks (RRs) of postoperative complications were estimated using log binomial regression. Results: Overall, 458 patients met the inclusion criteria, of which 67% (n = 307) had PRI, 25% (n = 116) had PUB, and 8% (n = 35) had NI/SP. After adjusting for body mass index, cancer stage, and surgical approach, there was no difference in risk of any complications between NI/SP and PUB