Disparity in ozone trends under COVID-19 lockdown in a closely located coastal and hillocky metropolis of India

Korhale, Nikhil; Anand, Vrinda; Beig, Gufran

doi:10.1007/s11869-020-00958-9

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…In a study of PM10 from 2001 to 2019 in Delhi, it was reported that the average concentration of PM10 was 227 µg/m 3 which supports our findings (Sharma et al, 2021b). Korhale et al (2021) reported the concentration of NOx up to 82.1µg/m 3 and the concentration of ozone up to 96.1µg/m 3 which is similar to our findings of air pollutants.…”

Section: Air Quality Around Thermal Power Plantsupporting

confidence: 90%

Air Pollution Tolerance Index of Wheat and Rice in the Proximity of Gas Based Power Plant

Choudhary

Khan

et al. 2021

JEBAS

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The study aimed to identify the tolerance level of rice and wheat due to air pollutants around the gas-based power plant. Ten sites were selected around 10km radius of gas based power plant. Major air pollutants like NOx, SOx, ozone, and PM10 were monitored in ten sites during the growth of rice and wheat. The Air Quality Index (AQI) of villages falls mostly in the category of moderately polluted sites. Air Pollution Tolerance Index (APTI) is a tool applied for categorizing sensitive or tolerant plants towards air pollution and is calculated by using four biochemical parameters like total chlorophyll content, ascorbic acid, pH, and relative water content of rice and wheat. Results indicated that the pH of cell sap of both the crops was acidic to neutral pH (3.5-6.9) at polluted sites while neutral to slightly alkaline (7.0-7.9) at less polluted sites. Ascorbic acid content was high at polluted sites since ascorbic acid shows a defense mechanism against air pollution. Chlorophyll content (up to 0.61mg/g) and relative water content have shown a significant decrease at most polluted sites. As per APTI values (APTI<11), both the crops were sensitive to air pollution in the selected area. APTI might be beneficial in the selection of crop species in the polluted area which shows that a higher concentration of air pollutants can damage crops severely. APTI was found to be positively correlated with pH, total chlorophyll content, and relative water content and negatively correlated with ascorbic acid.

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Section: Air Quality Around Thermal Power Plantsupporting

confidence: 90%

Air Pollution Tolerance Index of Wheat and Rice in the Proximity of Gas Based Power Plant

Choudhary

Khan

et al. 2021

JEBAS

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“…The lowest monthly average concentration of CO was reported during April and May 2020 compared to the preceding 3 years of the same month [32]. Studies over western India during the lockdown revealed a plummet of $21% and 25% over Pune and Gujrat respectively, during 2020 in comparison to the same period during 2019, while no significant change is observed at Mumbai [38,62]. Over Bhubaneswar, the eastern coastal city showed a reduction of $14% in CO concentration during complete lockdown period compared to the earlier lockdown period (1st Mar-23rd Mar 2020) whereas it showed a diminution of 11.1% during March-May 2020 compared to the previous year of the same time [18,37].…”

Section: Carbon Monoxide (Co)mentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Some studies revealed concentration of O3 increased by 32% and 6% over Kolkata and Gujarat during the lockdown year as compared to the previous year [34,38]. Likely, an increment of 3% and 2% was observed over Mumbai and Pune respectively during lockdown over the previous year [62]. Similarly, O3 concentration gets amplified by 5.59%, 9.73%, 3.56% during March, April, and May 2020 compared to the same month of 2019.…”

Section: Ozone (O3)mentioning

confidence: 98%

COVID-19 Lockdown and the Aerosphere in India: Lessons Learned on How to Reduce Air Pollution

Panda¹,

Satpathy²,

Das³

et al. 2022

Biotechnology to Combat COVID-19

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The giant increase in COVID-19 infection across India forced the government to impose strict lockdown in order to curb the pandemic. Although the stringent restrictions crippled India’s economy and poor people’s livelihood, it significantly improved the air quality of most of the polluted cities of India and rejuvenated the atmosphere. Thus, the major objective of this study is to provide a comprehensive overview of lockdown on pollutants prevailing in the atmosphere. A prominent decline in primary pollutants such as Particulate matter (PM), Black carbon (BC), Oxides of nitrogen (NOx), Carbon monoxide (CO) is observed across the country. However, lockdown had a trifling impact on Sulphur dioxide (SO2) concentration over some parts of India due to the constant operation of coal-fired thermal plants as a part of essential service. Furthermore, the sudden decline in NOx concentration disturbed the complex atmospheric chemistry and lead to an enhancement of surface ozone (O3) (secondary pollutant) in many cities of India. Thus, lockdown emerged as a unique opportunity for the atmospheric researchers, policymakers as well as stakeholders to collect baseline data of pollutants and their major sources. This will help to set new targets of air quality standards and to develop various mitigation processes to combat air pollution.

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“…Even though O 3 does not decrease by the same proportion as NOx, a reduction in ground level O 3 concentrations is expected with reducing NOx levels. However, evidence of increased tropospheric ozone levels has been reported during lockdown at several places (Korhale et al 2020 ). The increase in concentration of ozone is due to the lower titration of ozone through NO because of the sharp decrease in the concentration of local NOx by road transportation.…”

Section: Changes In No 2 Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in satellite mapping of global air quality: evidences during COVID-19 pandemic

Dutta

Kumar

Dubey

2021

Environmental Sustainability

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There was a significant decline in air pollution in different parts of the world due to enforcement of lockdown by many countries to check the spread of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. In particular, commercial and industrial activities had been limited globally with restricted air and surface traffic movements in response to social distancing and isolation. Both satellite remote sensing and ground-based monitoring were used to measure the change in the air quality. There was momentous decline in the averaged concentrations of nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), sulphur dioxide (SO 2 ), methane (CH 4 ) and aerosols. Many cities across India, China and several major cities in Europe observed strong reductions in nitrogen dioxide levels dropping by around 40–50% owing to lockdowns. Similarly, concentrations of SO 2 in polluted areas in India, especially around large coal-fired power plants and industrial areas decreased by around 40% as evidenced by the comparative satellite mapping during April 2019 and April 2020. Recent advances in sensors on board various satellites played a significant role in real-time monitoring of emission regimes over various parts of the world. The satellite data is relying upon single scene profusion for real-time air quality measurements, and also using averaged dataset over certain time-period. The daily global-scale remote sensing data of NO 2 , as measured through the Copernicus Sentinel-5 Precursor Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument (S5p/TROPOMI) of European Space Agency (ESA), indicated exceptional decreases in tropospheric NO 2 pollution in urban areas. Similarly, Greenhouse gases Observing Satellite (GOSAT) of Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, with a repeat cycle of three days helped in assessing the sources and sinks of CO 2 and CH 4 on a sub-continental scale. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s42398-021-00166-w.

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Disparity in ozone trends under COVID-19 lockdown in a closely located coastal and hillocky metropolis of India

Cited by 14 publications

References 36 publications

Air Pollution Tolerance Index of Wheat and Rice in the Proximity of Gas Based Power Plant

Air Pollution Tolerance Index of Wheat and Rice in the Proximity of Gas Based Power Plant

COVID-19 Lockdown and the Aerosphere in India: Lessons Learned on How to Reduce Air Pollution

Recent advances in satellite mapping of global air quality: evidences during COVID-19 pandemic

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