Dispersal and Movement of Insect Pests

Stinner, R. E.; Barfield, Carl S.; Stimac, and J L; Dohse, Lothar A.

doi:10.1146/annurev.en.28.010183.001535

Cited by 156 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…Implications of X-linkage for migration Adults of A. gamma and other noctuid species make regular seasonal migrations into areas where they are unable to maintain permanent populations and the existence of return migrations to over-wintering sites has been questioned (Rabb & Stinner, 1978;Stinner et al, 1983; but see Walker, 1980). There is, however, some evidence for southward return movement in autumn in A. gamma (Fisher, 1938) and also in other noctuids (Spitzer, 1972;Lingren et a!., 1979).…”

Section: Genetic Regulation Of Prpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic control of the pre-reproductive period in Autographa gamma (L.) (Silver Y moth) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Hill

Gatehouse

1992

Heredity

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Adults of the noctuid moth Autographa gamma undertake seasonal migrations into areas where they are unable to breed continuously. Individuals migrate into Britain each spring and offspring of these migrants probably return in autumn to over-wintering areas in North Africa and the Middle East, although the existence of these return migrations has been questioned. Insects usually migrate during the adults' pre-reproductive period (PRP). The length of this period is therefore an index of migratory potential because individuals with longer PRPs have more time to express their potential for flight and to travel further. Significant, positive full-sib correlations showed that female offspring with long PRPs came from families where their brothers had correspondingly long PRPs. This suggests that the same genes control the rate of reproductive development in both sexes. There was a rapid response to selection for short and long PRP, with separation of the lines by the second generation of selection. Sib-analysis and parent-offspring regressions showed that the genes with the greatest influence on PRP are X-linked, although there is also an autosomal influence. The significance of X-linkage of genes controlling the PRP is discussed in relation to the migratory strategy of A. gamma.

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Section: Genetic Regulation Of Prpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic control of the pre-reproductive period in Autographa gamma (L.) (Silver Y moth) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Hill

Gatehouse

1992

Heredity

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“…Insect pest population dynamics in an agricultural landscape is dictated by the ability of the insects to disperse to and to exploit different habitat patches. Populations may move over great distances ( Stinner et al , 1983;Loxdale & Lushai, 1999 ), whereas others may move more locally by tracking a sequence of temporarily suitable host plants ( Brandenburg & Kennedy, 1982;Shelton & North, 1986 ). Consequently, many polyphagous pests exploit a sequence of crops that offer a substantial but time limited resource, and uncultivated or scarce hosts that permit them to bridge the critical period.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic diversity of the cotton aphid Aphis gossypii in the unstable environment of a cotton growing area

Brévault

Carletto

Linderme

et al. 2008

Agri and Forest Entomology

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1 Spatial and temporal habitat heterogeneity represented by annual crops is a major factor influencing population dynamics of phytophagous insect pests such as the cotton aphid Aphis gossypii Glover. We studied the effects of instability of the cotton agroecosystem resulting from the temporary availability of the plant resource and the repeated use of insecticides on the genetic variability of the cotton aphids. 2 Samples of A. gossypii were collected in cotton plots, treated or not with insecticides and from vegetable crops (Malvaceae, Cucurbitaceae and Solanaceae) within the cotton growing area of northern Cameroon. The genetic structure of the samples was assessed using eight microsatellite markers. Insecticide resistance was estimated through the detection of two mutations in the ace -1 gene that are associated with insensitivity of acetylcholinesterase to carbamate and organophosphate insecticides. 3 The results obtained show that both host plants and insecticides act in genetic structuring of A. gossypii . Ninety-three percent of aphids collected on cotton were characterized by the same microsatellite multilocus genotype, Burk1 , which also displays the insecticide resistant alleles. 4 During the dry season, the cotton crop season after, the genotype Burk1 was principally found on two other malvaceous cultivated plants, rosella and okra, acting as suitable reservoir plants. The ability of the cotton aphid to move among asynchronous suitable habitats in response to changes in resource availability enables the pest to exploit unstable cropping systems. An understanding of the cotton aphid life system may aid to improve strategies for integrated resistance management.Keywords Agricultural landscape , Aphis gossypii , cotton , genetic diversity , host plant specialization , insecticide resistance , microsatellite markers . offspring of immigrant insects is strongly affected by cultural practices, particularly insecticide use ( Kennedy & Storer, 2000 ).In sub-Saharan west and central Africa, cotton fields occupy a significant part of the agricultural landscape during the rainy growing season (mid-May to November) and harbour a great diversity of insect pest species whose populations are partially controlled by the use of insecticides ( Renou & Deguine, 1992 ). The dry season involves a rapid change in this agricultural landscape, with a sudden shortage of resources for phytophagous insects. At this time, small irrigated plots generally located in the vicinity of towns and villages probably play a key role in the life systems of cotton insect pests. The cotton aphid Aphis gossypii Glover is a cosmopolitan and polyphagous species widely distributed in tropical, subtropical and temperate regions. In west and central Africa, this aphid colonizes cotton crops from mid-July to November, whereas small surfaces of irrigated vegetable crops and opportunist weeds are mainly infested by A. gossypii from November to late April ( Deguine et al. , 1999 ). Two periods of population growth on cotton crops are generall...

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“…For most migratory insects, their low-latitude winter habitats are considered to be the major breeding grounds. In fact, some authors have previously suggested that seasonal poleward shifts to exploit temperate ecosystems represent a population sink from which progeny seldom returned: a phenomenon known as the "Pied Piper" effect (17,18). This notion made little evolutionary sense, however, and has been contested (7,8,19); moreover, return flights have been observed in many species (5,(7)(8)(9)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal migration to high latitudes results in major reproductive benefits in an insect

Chapman

Bell

Burgin

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

138

137

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Little is known of the population dynamics of long-range insect migrants, and it has been suggested that the annual journeys of billions of nonhardy insects to exploit temperate zones during summer represent a sink from which future generations seldom return (the "Pied Piper" effect). We combine data from entomological radars and ground-based light traps to show that annual migrations are highly adaptive in the noctuid moth Autographa gamma (silver Y), a major agricultural pest. We estimate that 10-240 million immigrants reach the United Kingdom each spring, but that summer breeding results in a fourfold increase in the abundance of the subsequent generation of adults, all of which emigrate southward in the fall. Trajectory simulations show that 80% of emigrants will reach regions suitable for winter breeding in the Mediterranean Basin, for which our population dynamics model predicts a winter carrying capacity only 20% of that of northern Europe during the summer. We conclude not only that poleward insect migrations in spring result in major population increases, but also that the persistence of such species is dependent on summer breeding in high-latitude regions, which requires a fundamental change in our understanding of insect migration.windborne migration | source-sink dynamics

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Dispersal and Movement of Insect Pests

Cited by 156 publications

References 80 publications

Genetic control of the pre-reproductive period in Autographa gamma (L.) (Silver Y moth) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Genetic control of the pre-reproductive period in Autographa gamma (L.) (Silver Y moth) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Genetic diversity of the cotton aphid Aphis gossypii in the unstable environment of a cotton growing area

Seasonal migration to high latitudes results in major reproductive benefits in an insect

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