Dispersal in the Red Flour Beetle Tribolium Castaneum (Tenebrionidae)

Naylor, Alfred F.

doi:10.2307/1932074

Cited by 48 publications

(36 citation statements)

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“…There is substantial evidence that density plays a role in the dispersal of the mobile stages of both T. castaneum and T. confusum [17,24]. Naylor [18] documented an interstage density-dependent avoidance response in T. confusum.…”

Section: Density-dependent Dispersalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial segregation in stage-structured populations with an application toTribolium

Robertson

Cushing

2011

Journal of Biological Dynamics

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Spatial segregation among life-cycle stages has been observed in many stage-structured species, including species of the flour beetle Tribolium. We investigate density-dependent dispersal of life-cycle stages as a possible mechanism responsible for this separation. We explore this hypothesis using stage-structured, integrodifference equation (IDE) models that incorporate density-dependent dispersal kernels. We first investigate mechanisms that can lead to spatial patterns in juvenile-adult IDE models. We show, via numerical simulation, that density-dependent dispersal can lead to the spatial segregation of life-cycle stages in the sense that each stage peaks in a different spatial location. We then construct a three-stage spatial model to describe the population dynamics of Tribolium castaneum and Tribolium confusum and assess density-dependent dispersal mechanisms that are able to explain spatial patterns that have been experimentally observed in these species.

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Section: Density-dependent Dispersalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial segregation in stage-structured populations with an application toTribolium

Robertson

Cushing

2011

Journal of Biological Dynamics

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“…Adult T. castaneum are strongly repelled by the smell of same-sex conspecifics, and this repulsion is enhanced when flour becomes 'conditioned' (Naylor 1961;Ghent 1963;Ogden 1970b). Thus, unmated individuals in a container with conspecifics will readily disperse as the flour becomes increasingly conditioned, and as finding mates becomes a priority.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ease of culturing and maintaining stock populations ensured its continued use for studying ecology phenomena throughout the 20 th century, and it remains a constant presence in the fields of ecology, behaviour, evolution, genetics, resistance, development and pest management Melbourne & Hastings 2009;Ridley et al 2011;Ahmad et al 2012;Schlipalius et al 2012;Daglish et al 2015;Drury et al 2016). Tribolium castaneum also has a long history as a model organism for the study of animal dispersal (Naylor 1961;Prus 1963).…”

Section: Study Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The primary modes of locomotion that are used within grain storage warehouses are walking and climbing, thus most studies to date have investigated dispersal via these modes. Previous studies have investigated the dispersal of T. castaneum and a close relative T. confusum, across different ages (Ziegler 1976), and in response to food type and quality (Ogden 1970b;Ziegler 1977;Campbell & Runnion 2003), and different population densities (Naylor 1961;Zyromska-Rudzka 1966a;Łomnicki 2006). Other studies have investigated the heritability of dispersal behaviour (Ogden 1970a;Ritte & Lavie 1977;Riddle & Dawson 1983;Korona 1991), fitness consequences of dispersal (Ziegler 1976;Lavie & Ritte 1978), and the response of life-history traits to dispersal (Lavie & Ritte 1978;Zirkle et al 1988;Ben-Shlomo et al 1991;Łomnicki 2006) using artificial selection experiments.…”

Section: Study Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tribolium castaneum (the red flour beetle) is an ideal model species with which to study the evolutionary dynamics of traits under selection for dispersal, as their dispersal in laboratory microcosms has been studied for more than 50 years (Naylor 1961;Prus 1963) and artificial selection for dispersal success has resulted in divergence in dispersal rate and life-history traits (Ogden 1970a;Ritte & Lavie 1977).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Selecting for invasive tendencies: the evolution of morphological, physiological, and movement behaviour traits associated with dispersal

Arnold¹

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Dispersal, defined as any movement of an individual over various spatial scales that may contribute to gene flow, is an essential component of species ecology. It provides a mechanism that allows organisms to track optimal environmental conditions, regulate population density and interactions with conspecifics, and colonise new areas. Dispersal ability varies widely among individuals, and this variation has been strongly linked to a suite of physiological, morphological, and behavioural traits that together constitute a dispersal syndrome. The evolution of dispersal-related traits can occur not only by natural selection, but also by spatial sorting, where individuals that have traits facilitating their dispersal accumulate at range edges and are limited proximally to mating with other dispersive individuals. The relationships among traits constituting the dispersal syndrome, their dynamics with age, and evolution under spatial selection on dispersal have not been comprehensively explored. Furthermore, integrating evolution into the study of dispersal is imperative to understand the mechanisms that select or constrain the evolution of dispersalrelated traits. The overall aim of this thesis was to investigate a suite of physiological, morphological, and movement behaviour traits associated with the dispersal syndrome using a model system: laboratory dispersal apparatuses and Tribolium castaneum (red flour beetle).The research presented in this thesis focused on the following traits: body size, locomotor apparatus size, metabolic rate, spontaneous activity, and movement behaviour in a maze (including speed, path length, displacement distance, and behavioural intermittence). The first specific aim was to determine how the onset of sexual maturity and age throughout early life affects dispersal-related traits (Chapter 2). I found that prior to sexual maturity, T. castaneum have low metabolic rate and moved significantly less than mature ones. The low energy expenditure was attributable to reduced energy demand and inactivity, which was hypothesised to be a protective mechanism while the cuticle is undergoing sclerotisation.The second specific aim was to determine the relationships among metabolic rate, body size, relative leg length and different movement behaviour traits (Chapter 3). A dominant axis of movement ability described variation in several movement traits and was positively related to relative leg length, but unrelated to body size or metabolic rate. A mechanistic relationship ii between stride length and movement ability is therefore likely. The data suggested that the dispersal syndrome may be more strongly tied to morphology rather than physiology.The third specific aim was to investigate the dispersal rate of T. castaneum through threepatch dispersal apparatuses to determine which design would be most effective for artificial selection on the basis of dispersal success (Chapter 4). The distance and slope of the tubing that connected between patches significantly affected dispersal rate, therefo...

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Density‐dependent within‐patch movement behavior of two competing species

Cronin,

Goddard,

Krivchenia

et al. 2023

Ecology and Evolution

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Movement behavior is central to understanding species distributions, population dynamics and coexistence with other species. Although the relationship between conspecific density and emigration has been well studied, little attention has been paid to how interspecific competitor density affects another species' movement behavior. We conducted releases of two species of competing Tribolium flour beetles at different densities, alone and together in homogeneous microcosms, and tested whether their recaptures‐with‐distance were well described by a random‐diffusion model. We also determined whether mean displacement distances varied with the release density of conspecific and heterospecific beetles. A diffusion model provided a good fit to the redistribution of T. castaneum and T. confusum at all release densities, explaining an average of >60% of the variation in recaptures. For both species, mean displacement (directly proportional to the diffusion rate) exhibited a humped‐shaped relationship with conspecific density. Finally, we found that both species of beetle impacted the within‐patch movement rates of the other species, but the effect depended on density. For T. castaneum in the highest density treatment, the addition of equal numbers of T. castaneum or T. confusum had the same effect, with mean displacements reduced by approximately one half. The same result occurred for T. confusum released at an intermediate density. In both cases, it was total beetle abundance, not species identity that mattered to mean displacement. We suggest that displacement or diffusion rates that exhibit a nonlinear relationship with density or depend on the presence or abundance of interacting species should be considered when attempting to predict the spatial spread of populations or scaling up to heterogeneous landscapes.

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Dispersal in the Red Flour Beetle Tribolium Castaneum (Tenebrionidae)

Cited by 48 publications

References 5 publications

Spatial segregation in stage-structured populations with an application toTribolium

Spatial segregation in stage-structured populations with an application toTribolium

Selecting for invasive tendencies: the evolution of morphological, physiological, and movement behaviour traits associated with dispersal

Density‐dependent within‐patch movement behavior of two competing species

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