In this paper, an attribute control chart using repetitive sampling is proposed when the lifetime of a product follows the Birnbaum-Saunders distribution. The number of failures is to be monitored by designing two pairs of upper and lower control limits. The necessary measurements are derived to assess the average run length (ARL). The various tables for ARLs are presented when the scale parameter and/or the shape parameter are shifted. The efficiency of the proposed control chart is compared with an existing chart. The proposed chart is shown to be more efficient than an existing control chart in terms of ARL. A real example is given for illustration purpose.INDEX TERMS Attribute chart, Birnbaum-Saunders distribution, average run length (ARL), control chart.