Dispersion engineered slow light in photonic crystals: a comparison

Schulz, Sebastian A.; O’Faoláin, Liam; Beggs, Daryl M.; White, Thomas P.; Melloni, Andrea; Krauss, Thomas F.

doi:10.1088/2040-8978/12/10/104004

Cited by 207 publications

(173 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Analysis of the experimental spectral distribution [ Figure 9(C)] shows that, in excellent agreement with theoretical calculations, the chain of 30 coupled SNAP microresonators was fabricated with sub-angstrom precision of 0.7 angstrom and a standard deviation of 0.12 angstrom. This result surpasses the fabrication precision achieved in previously developed photonic technologies [39][40][41][42][43][44][45] by two orders of magnitude. An application of the SNAP coupled microresonator chain as a miniature delay line was demonstrated in [54].…”

Section: Fabrication Of Long Coupled Microresonator Chains With Sub-amentioning

confidence: 70%

“…It exhibits the record large 2.58 ns (3 bytes) dispersionless delay of 100 ps pulses. The intrinsic (0.44 dB/ns) and full (1.12 dB/ns) loss of this device is much smaller than 10-100 dB/ns losses demonstrated for miniature delay lines to date [45].…”

Section: Advanced Programmed Nanoscale Variation Of the Optical Fibermentioning

confidence: 72%

“…This SNAP fiber was used in [37] to demonstrate a miniature slow light delay line with a breakthrough performance. In contrast to miniature slow light delay lines considered previously [39][40][41][42][43][44][45]54], this delay line is not based on the periodic photonic crystal or coupled microresonator structures. Instead, it is fabricated of a bottle resonator with a nanoscale parabolic variation of its radius.…”

Section: Advanced Programmed Nanoscale Variation Of the Optical Fibermentioning

confidence: 96%

“…In contrast to the slow light photonic devices, which are conventionally engineered from periodic structures (coupled microresonators [39][40][41][42][43][44] and photonic crystals [41,45]), the SNAP fiber exhibits a naturally slow light created in the absence of an optical medium with a periodically modulated refractive index. The simplest derivation of Eqs.…”

Section: " Quantum Mechanics" Of Light At the Surface Of An Optical Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nanophotonics of optical fibers

Sumetsky¹

2013

Nanophotonics

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This review is concerned with nanoscale effects in highly transparent dielectric photonic structures fabricated from optical fibers. In contrast to those in plasmonics, these structures do not contain metal particles, wires, or films with nanoscale dimensions. Nevertheless, a nanoscale perturbation of the fiber radius can significantly alter their performance. This paper consists of three parts. The first part considers propagation of light in thin optical fibers (microfibers) having the radius of the order of 100 nanometers to 1 micron. The fundamental mode propagating along a microfiber has an evanescent field which may be strongly expanded into the external area. Then, the cross-sectional dimensions of the mode and transmission losses are very sensitive to small variations of the microfiber radius. Under certain conditions, a change of just a few nanometers in the microfiber radius can significantly affect its transmission characteristics and, in particular, lead to the transition from the waveguiding to non-waveguiding regime. The second part of the review considers slow propagation of whispering gallery modes in fibers having the radius of the order of 10-100 microns. The propagation of these modes along the fiber axis is so slow that they can be governed by extremely small nanoscale changes of the optical fiber radius. This phenomenon is exploited in SNAP (surface nanoscale axial photonics), a new platform for fabrication of miniature super-low-loss photonic integrated circuits with unprecedented sub-angstrom precision. The SNAP theory and applications are overviewed. The third part of this review describes methods of characterization of the radius variation of microfibers and regular optical fibers with sub-nanometer precision.

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Section: Fabrication Of Long Coupled Microresonator Chains With Sub-amentioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Advanced Programmed Nanoscale Variation Of the Optical Fibermentioning

confidence: 72%

Section: Advanced Programmed Nanoscale Variation Of the Optical Fibermentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: " Quantum Mechanics" Of Light At the Surface Of An Optical Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nanophotonics of optical fibers

Sumetsky¹

2013

Nanophotonics

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“…High contrast slabs can be used to enhance the interaction between light and matter in PCWGs, thereby reducing the size of the device [1,2] . This development is very significant in realizing compact functional devices for photonic integrated circuits (PICs).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultra-compact variable optical attenuator based on slow light photonic crystal waveguide

et al. 2013

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Efficient and Broadband Four‐Wave Mixing in a Compact Silicon Subwavelength Nanohole Waveguide

Yang

Sun

Zhang

et al. 2019

Advanced Optical Materials

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In this paper, we propose a simple yet effective scheme by using a compact silicon subwavelength nanohole waveguide, which possesses a broadband and low-loss transmission. As the subwavelength nanoholes are periodically distributed along the silicon waveguide, the optical properties of this artificial material, such as the effective refraction index, the transmittance and the dispersion, can be engineered by varying the nanohole diameter and the period. By this means, an enhanced light intensity in the silicon area can be achieved in the nanohole waveguide, leading to an efficient and broadband FWM process. The mechanism we propose in this paper is different from the slow-wave effect reported in previous papers, [13,14] which enhanced the conversion efficiencies in 1D periodic photonic structures by leveraging the large group indices near the band edges. The nonlinearity of the silicon nanohole waveguide originates from the enhanced light intensity in the nonresonant silicon waveguide, thus enabling a broadband FWM process. For the nanoholes with a diameter of 100 nm and a period of 300 nm, a FWM conversion efficiency of −26.7 dB is observed in the experiment, showing a 12.5 dB improvement compared to a conventional silicon strip waveguide. Thanks to the broadband transmission and the negligible linear dispersion of the silicon nanohole waveguide, a 3 dB conversion bandwidth of 37 nm is experimentally demonstrated, which is limited by the optical amplifiers employed in the experiment.The proposed silicon nanohole waveguide is schematically illustrated in Figure 1a, which consists of a periodic array of subwavelength nanoholes in the center of the silicon waveguide. The propagation of the light in the waveguide is studied using the 3D finite-difference time-domain (3D-FDTD) method. In Figure 1b-d, the cross-section of the silicon waveguide is 480 × 220 nm 2 and the lengths of the silicon waveguide and the nanohole segment are 60 and 50 µm, respectively. The nanohole diameter d = 100 nm is used and kept constant while the period of the nanoholes is varied. The electric field distribution of the Bloch mode is mainly trapped in the air (silicon) area with the period a = 200 nm (a = 300 nm). Based on the previous study, [21] the band edge wavelength is dependent on the nanohole period. The normalized transmission spectra with two periods and different nanohole diameters are shown in Figure 1e,f, respectively. It can be seen that the band edges in both cases are away from the operating wavelengths (C-band) with the nanohole diameters ranging from 60 to 140 nm. Small Confining light in a small volume offers an effective approach to enhance the four-wave mixing (FWM) process. Recently, most efforts are devoted to improve the conversion efficiencies by using resonant structures. As a result, the bandwidths of the FWM conversions are typically limited to 1-2 nm. In this paper, a nonresonant silicon subwavelength nanohole waveguide is proposed to manipulate the field distribution of the propagating wave. The electromagnetic...

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Dispersion engineered slow light in photonic crystals: a comparison

Cited by 207 publications

References 60 publications

Nanophotonics of optical fibers

Nanophotonics of optical fibers

Ultra-compact variable optical attenuator based on slow light photonic crystal waveguide

Efficient and Broadband Four‐Wave Mixing in a Compact Silicon Subwavelength Nanohole Waveguide

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