Dispersion Engineering for Vertical Microcavities Using Subwavelength Gratings

Wang, Zhaorong; Zhang, Bo; Deng, Hui

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.114.073601

Cited by 47 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…While dispersion engineering by mixing modes of different natures has been suggested by different groups [11,13]), our theoretical proposal and experimental demonstrations show an unprecedented degree of freedom to tailor the dispersion characteristics of photonic structures, whose curvature can be finely tuned from zero to infinity. This opens an unique playground for both exotic Dirac and flatband physics.…”

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confidence: 95%

“…Due to their completely opposite characteristics, flatband and Dirac dispersion are usually attributed to different bands of the photonic structures (2D tight-binding lattices [5,6,8,9], accidental degeneracy in 2D photonic crystal [15][16][17][18]). Other configurations exhibit the sole presence of flatband states (1D tight-binding lattices [7,10], dispersion engineering with hybrid micro cavities [11,13]). …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such a dispersion engineering is generally achieved through a designed periodic arrangement of materials with different permittivities in photonic crystals, metamaterials and metasurfaces. Recently, two particular types of dispersions have been intensively studied: flatband dispersion [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] and Dirac dispersion [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28]. The first one provides slow light of zero group velocity with high density of states for a broad range of the Brillouin zone, thus greatly enhances light-matter interaction and nonlinear behaviors for low-threshold micro-lasers and information processing applications [30,31].…”

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Symmetry Breaking in Photonic Crystals: On-Demand Dispersion from Flatband to Dirac Cones

et al. 2018

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We demonstrate that symmetry breaking opens a new degree of freedom to tailor the energymomentum dispersion in photonic crystals. Using a general theoretical framework in two illustrative practical structures, we show that breaking symmetry enables an on-demand tuning of the local density of states of a same photonic band from zero (Dirac cone dispersion) to infinity (flatband dispersion), as well as any constant density over an adjustable spectral range. As a proof-of-concept, we experimentally demonstrate the transformation of a very same photonic band from conventional quadratic shape to Dirac dispersion, flatband dispersion and multivaley one, by finely tuning the vertical symmetry breaking. Our results provide an unprecedented degree of freedom for optical dispersion engineering in planar integrated photonic devices.Engineering the energy-momentum dispersion of photonic structures is at the heart of contemporary optics research. This fundamental feature molds the light propagation [1], dictates the coupling with free space [2], and tailors light-matter interactions [3]. Such a dispersion engineering is generally achieved through a designed periodic arrangement of materials with different permittivities in photonic crystals, metamaterials and metasurfaces. Recently, two particular types of dispersions have been intensively studied: flatband dispersion [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] and Dirac dispersion [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28]. The first one provides slow light of zero group velocity with high density of states for a broad range of the Brillouin zone, thus greatly enhances light-matter interaction and nonlinear behaviors for low-threshold micro-lasers and information processing applications [30,31]. Moreover, flatband gives rise to localized stationary eigenstates which are extremely sensitive to disorder effects due to an infinite effective mass [7,14]. This suggests new regime of light localization [8,9] other than conventional concepts such as Anderson localization [32,33] and optical bound states in continuum [34,35]. Being an opposite extreme to flat dispersion, Dirac dispersion (double Dirac cones with no bandgap) corresponds to massless photonic states. By analogy with the propagation of electrons in graphene, Dirac photons propagation could lead to phenomena such as Klein tunneling [19] and Zitterbewegung [20] for photons. Moreover, photonic Dirac dispersion opens the way to realize large-area single mode lasers [21,22]; and enables many exotic physical features such as zero-refractive index materials for transformation optics applications [15,17,18] and photonic topological insulator [23][24][25][26][27][28]. Due to their completely opposite characteristics, flatband and Dirac dispersion are usually attributed to different bands of the photonic structures (2D tight-binding lattices [5,6,8,9], accidental degeneracy in 2D photonic crystal [15][16][17][18]). Other configurations exhibit the sole presence of flatband states (1D tight-binding lattices [7,10], dispersio...

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Symmetry Breaking in Photonic Crystals: On-Demand Dispersion from Flatband to Dirac Cones

et al. 2018

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“…Moreover, it results in novel properties such as MEMS-based efficient wavelength tunability [14], [15], strong single-transverse-mode operation [13], [16], and engineering of output beam profiles [17], [18]. Furthermore, it has been recently shown that in-plane heterostructure implemented in HCG-based vertical cavities [19] enables exotic heterostructure configurations [20], which are attractive for fundamental physics studies [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Investigation of Vertical Cavity Lasers With High-Contrast Gratings Using the Fourier Modal Method

Taghizadeh¹,

Mørk²,

Chung³

2016

J. Lightwave Technol.

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Abstract-We show the strength of the Fourier modal method (FMM) for numerically investigating the optical properties of vertical cavities including subwavelength gratings. Three different techniques for determining the resonance frequency and Q-factor of a cavity mode are compared. Based on that, the Fabry-Perot approach has been chosen due to its numerical efficiency. The computational uncertainty in determining the resonance frequency and Q-factor is investigated, showing that the uncertainty in the Q-factor calculation can be a few orders of magnitude larger than that in the resonance frequency calculation. Moreover, a method for reducing 3D simulations to lower-dimensional simulations is suggested, and is shown to enable approximate and fast simulations of certain device parameters. Numerical calculation of the cavity dispersion, which is an important characteristic of vertical cavities, is illustrated. By employing the implemented FMM, it is shown that adiabatic heterostructures designs are advantageous compared to abrupt heterostructures for minimizing the cavity scattering loss.

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“…It can provide a reflectivity close to 100 % over a broad wavelength range [1], as well as control over reflection phase [2][3][4][5]. Based on these properties, many interesting verticalcavity laser (VCL) structures with novel functionalities have been realized [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. Among them, the hybrid VCL approach appears promising for long wavelength applications, which combines a III-V material including a gain material with an HCG reflector formed in the silicon (Si) layer of a Si-on-insulator (SOI) wafer [11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%