Dispersion of graphene in ethanol by sonication

Cayambe, Mario Enrique Cayambe; Zambrano, C.; Tene, Talia; Guevara, Marco; Usca, Gabriela Tubon; Brito, Hannibal; Molina, Raúl Cobo; Coello-Fiallos, Diana; Caputi, Lorenzo; Gomez, Cristian Vacacela

doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2020.06.441

Cited by 20 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The Raman spectrum of FLG prepared in ethanol by sonication was discussed in detail in Refs. [ 44 , 45 ]. The three significant peaks of FLG are depicted in Figure 2 , the D peak at 1339 cm −1 , the G peak at 1578 cm −1 , and the 2D peak at 2719 cm −1 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drying-Time Study in Graphene Oxide

et al. 2021

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Graphene oxide (GO) exhibits different properties from those found in free-standing graphene, which mainly depend on the type of defects induced by the preparation method and post-processing. Although defects in graphene oxide are widely studied, we report the effect of drying time in GO and how this modifies the presence or absence of edge-, basal-, and sp3-type defects. The effect of drying time is evaluated by Raman spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The traditional D, G, and 2D peaks are observed together with other less intense peaks called the D’, D*, D**, D+G, and G+D. Remarkably, the D* peak is activated/deactivated as a direct consequence of drying time. Furthermore, the broad region of the 2D peak is discussed as a function of its deconvoluted 2D1A, 2D2A, and D+G bands. The main peak in UV-visible absorption spectra undergoes a redshift as drying time increases. Finally, TEM measurements demonstrate the stacking of exfoliated GO sheets as the intercalated (water) molecules are removed.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drying-Time Study in Graphene Oxide

et al. 2021

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“…Although there are several methods for synthesizing graphene and its derivatives (e.g., liquid exfoliation [ 43 , 44 ], zeolite-assisted exfoliation [ 45 ], hydrothermal exfoliation [ 46 ], and microwave-assisted exfoliation [ 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 ]), the present study focuses on the eco-friendly oxidation-reduction protocol [ 33 ] to transform as-made GO into rGO.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cationic Pollutant Removal from Aqueous Solution Using Reduced Graphene Oxide

et al. 2022

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Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) is one of the most well-known graphene derivatives, which, due to its outstanding physical and chemical properties as well as its oxygen content, has been used for wastewater treatment technologies. Particularly, extra functionalized rGO is widely preferred for treating wastewater containing dyes or heavy metals. Nevertheless, the use of non-extra functionalized (pristine) rGO for the removal of cationic pollutants is not explored in detail or is ambiguous. Herein, pristine rGO—prepared by an eco-friendly protocol—is used for the removal of cationic pollutants from water, i.e., methylene blue (MB) and mercury-(II) (Hg-(II)). This work includes the eco-friendly synthesis process and related spectroscopical and morphological characterization. Most importantly, the investigated rGO shows an adsorption capacity of 121.95 mg g−1 for MB and 109.49 mg g−1 for Hg (II) at 298 K. A record adsorption time of 30 min was found for MB and 20 min for Hg (II) with an efficiency of about 89% and 73%, respectively. The capture of tested cationic pollutants on rGO exhibits a mixed physisorption–chemisorption process. The present work, therefore, presents new findings for cationic pollutant adsorbent materials based on oxidized graphenes, providing a new perspective for removing MB molecules and Hg(II) ions.

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“…Ethanol is a good choice because it has a low boiling point with surface tension close to 22.1 mJ m −2 . The 65/35 volume ratio for DI water/ethanol is calculated using the Connors-Wright equation with the surface tension of the solution to be 46 m J m −2 for making binary aqueous organic solutions 27 . The beaker is kept in an ice-water bath to reduce evaporation of the ethanol due to an increase in the temperature of the solution during the sonication process.…”

Section: Experimentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many reports present the effect of sonication parameters on produced MoS 2 nano-flakes and graphene in DI water-ethanol 24 – 26 . A simple, low-cost, and energy-effective sonication to exfoliate natural graphite flakes in ethanol in a short time sonication is reported 27 . Studies are aimed at determining the rate of exfoliation of various forms of graphite and its oxide using the top-down method and using UV–Vis spectroscopy for a deeper understanding of the electronic transition are presented 28 , 29 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Verification of experimental results with simulation on production of few-layer graphene by liquid-phase exfoliation utilizing sonication

Mushfiq

Afzalzadeh

2022

Sci Rep

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Graphene, an extraordinary tow-dimensional carbon nanostructure, has attracted global attention due to its electronic, mechanical, and chemical properties; therefore, there is a need to find out an economical mass production method to produce graphene. In the present research, the aim is to find out optimal conditions for exfoliation of few-layers graphene (FLG) in a water–ethanol green solution. We varied different parameters of the ultrasonic probe like power quantity and time duration of sonication to investigate the effects on the number of graphene layers and density of graphene in the solution. Also, an attempt has been made to predict the acoustic pressure distribution by solving the wave equation in various output powers of the ultrasonic probe (sonotrode) using numerical simulations. The simulations and experimentations verify each other. Concluding that modifying the output power at the same condition will significantly alter the acoustic pressure inside the sonoreactor. The difference in acoustic pressure at 90% output power of our experimentations is much higher than in other conditions. Experimentation results utilizing UV–visible spectra, SEM (Scanning electron microscope), TEM (Transmission electron microscope) images and Raman spectrum indicate that the minimum thickness and maximum exfoliation for these samples are acquired for sonication at 90% of the maximum effective output power of the sonicator being 264 W for 55 min.

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Dispersion of graphene in ethanol by sonication

Cited by 20 publications

References 29 publications

Drying-Time Study in Graphene Oxide

Drying-Time Study in Graphene Oxide

Cationic Pollutant Removal from Aqueous Solution Using Reduced Graphene Oxide

Verification of experimental results with simulation on production of few-layer graphene by liquid-phase exfoliation utilizing sonication

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