Engineered
nanomaterials (ENMs), especially transition metal dichalcogenide
(TMDC), have received great attention in recent years due to their
advantageous properties and applications in various fields and are
inevitably released into the environment during their life cycle.
However, the effect of natural nanocolloids, widely distributed in
the aquatic environment, on the environmental transformation and ecotoxicity
of ENMs remains largely unknown. In this study, the effects of natural
nanocolloids were compared to humic acid on the environmental transformation
and ecotoxicity of single-layer molybdenum disulfide (SLMoS2), a representative TMDC. SLMoS2 with nanocolloids or
humic acid (HA) enhanced their dispersion and Mo ion release in deionized
water. Nanocolloids induced growth inhibition, reactive oxygen species
(ROS) elevation, and cell permeability. Low-toxicity SLMoS2 combined with nanocolloids will enhance the above adverse effects.
SLMoS2-nanocolloids induced serious damage (cell distortion
and deformation), SLMoS2 internalization, and metabolic
perturbation on Chlorella vulgaris (C. vulgaris). In contrast, the addition of HA induced
the growth promotion and lower ROS level, inhibited the internalization
of SLMoS2, and mitigated metabolic perturbation on C. vulgaris. This work provides insights into the
effect of natural nanocolloids on the behaviors and biological risks
of ENMs in aquatic environments, deserving substantial future attention.