Displacement-length scaling and fault linkage

Dawers, Nancye H.; Anders, Mark H.

doi:10.1016/0191-8141(94)00091-d

Cited by 473 publications

(321 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In this context, it is worth noting that in the southern segment the Servita¤ fault is rectilinear and displays no evidence for earlier coalescing segments that would suggest growth through linkage (Trudgill & Cartwright, 1994;Cartwright et al, 1995;Dawers & Anders, 1995). Therefore, we propose that the facies transition from'rift initiation' to 'rift climax' is not related to enhanced subsidence after linkage (Gupta et al, 1999;Cowie et al, 2000), but rather to an increased displacement along the principal basinboundary faults.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The role of inherited extensional fault segmentation and linkage in contractional orogenesis: a reconstruction of Lower Cretaceous inverted rift basins in the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia

Mora¹,

Gaona²,

Kley³

et al. 2009

Basin Research

103

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Lower Cretaceous early syn-rift facies along the eastern £ank of the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia, their provenance, and structural context, reveal the complex interactions between Cretaceous extension, spatio -temporal trends in associated sedimentation, and subsequent inversion of the Cretaceous Guatiqu|¤ a paleo -rift. South of 4130 0 N lat, early syn-rift alluvial sequences in former extensional footwall areas were contemporaneous with fan-delta deposits in shallow marine environments in adjacent hanging-wall areas. In general, footwall erosion was more pronounced in the southern part of the paleorift. In contrast, early syn-rift sequences in former footwall areas in the northern rift sectors mainly comprise shallow marine supratidal sabkha to intertidal strata, whereas hanging-wall units display rapid transitions to open-sea shales. In comparison with the southern paleo -rift sector, fan-delta deposits in the north are scarce, and provenance suggests negligible footwall erosion.The southern graben segment had longer, and less numerous normal faults, whereas the northern graben segment was characterized by shorter, rectilinear faults.To the east, the graben system was bounded by major basin-margin faults with protracted activity and greater throw as compared with intrabasinal faults to the west. Intrabasinal structures grew through segment linkage and probably interacted kinematically with basin-margin faults. Basin-margin faults constitute a coherent fault system that was conditioned by pre-existing basement fabrics. Structural mapping, analysis of present-day topography, and balanced cross sections indicate that positive inversion of extensional structures was focused along basin-bounding faults, whereas intrabasinal faults remained una¡ected and were passively transported by motion along the basin-bounding faults.Thus, zones of maximum subsidence in extension accommodated maximum elevation in contraction, and former topographic highs remained as elevated areas.This documents the role of basin-bounding faults as multiphased, long-lived features conditioned by basement discontinuities. Inversion of basinbounding faults was more e⁄cient in the southern than in the northern graben segment, possibly documenting the inheritance and pivotal role of fault-displacement gradients. Our observations highlight similarities between inversion features in orogenic belts and intra-plate basins, emphasizing the importance of the observed phenomena as predictive tools in the spatiotemporal analysis of inversion histories in orogens, as well as in hydrocarbon and mineral deposits exploration.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The role of inherited extensional fault segmentation and linkage in contractional orogenesis: a reconstruction of Lower Cretaceous inverted rift basins in the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia

Mora¹,

Gaona²,

Kley³

et al. 2009

Basin Research

103

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“…The border fault nucleation and growth through fault tip propagation and linkage through breaching relay structures between overlapping segments (Trudgill and Cartwright, 1995) occurred in a manner anticipated for normal fault systems (Dawers and Anders, 1995;Trudgill and Cartwright, 1995;Gupta et al, 1998;Cowie et al, 2000). This evolution leads to predictable sediment distribution with deposition progressively focussed toward the centre of the border fault array as it lengthens (McLeod et al, 2004) as is observed on the present day central basin (Figures 4 and 5 The intra-basin region is dominated in the north and the centre by the presence of a horst that trends parallel to the MNF, and is offset across Fault 9.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implications of structural inheritance in oblique rift zones for basin compartmentalization: Nkhata Basin, Malawi Rift (EARS)

Mortimer

Paton

Scholz

et al. 2016

Marine and Petroleum Geology

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The Cenozoic East African Rift System (EARS) is an exceptional example of active continental extension, providing opportunities for furthering our understanding of hydrocarbon plays within rifts. It is divided into structurally distinct western and eastern branches. The western branch comprises deep rift basins separated by transfer zones, commonly localised onto pre-existing structures, offering good regional scale hydrocarbon traps. At a basin-scale, local discrete inherited structures might also play an important role on fault localisation and hydrocarbon distribution. Here, we consider the evolution of the Central basin of the Malawi Rift, in particular the influence of pre-existing structural fabrics.Integrating basin-scale multichannel 2D, and high resolution seismic datasets we constrain the border, Mlowe-Nkhata, fault system (MNF) to the west of the basin and smaller Mbamba fault (MF) to the east and document their evolution. Intra basin structures define a series of horsts, which initiated as convergent transfers, along the basin axis. The horsts are offset along a NE-SW striking transfer fault parallel to and along strike of the onshore Karoo 2 (Permo-Triassic) Ruhuhu graben. Discrete pre-existing structures probably determined its location and, oriented obliquely to the extension orientation it accommodated predominantly strike-slip deformation, with more slowly accrued dip-slip.To the north of this transfer fault, the overall basin architecture is asymmetric, thickening to the west throughout; while to the south, an initially symmetric graben architecture became increasingly asymmetric in sediment distribution as strain localised onto the western MNF. The presence of the axial horst increasingly focussed sediment supply to the west. As the transfer fault increased its displacement, so this axial supply was interrupted, effectively starving the south-east while ponding sediments between the western horst margin and the transfer fault. This asymmetric bathymetry and partitioned sedimentation continues to the present-day, overprinting the early basin symmetry and configuration. Sediments deposited earlier become increasingly dissected and fault juxtapositions changed at a small (10-100 m) scale. The observed influence of basin-scale transfer faults on sediment dispersal and fault compartmentalisation due to pre-existing structures oblique to the extension orientation is relevant to analogous exploration settings.

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“…Baudon and Cartwright, 2008a;2008b;Cartwright et al, 1995;Dawers and Anders, 1995;Gupta and Scholz, 2000;Peacock and Sanderson, 1991;Young et al, 2001); (ii) throw backstripping that is the product of subtracting values of the shallower horizon from deeper horizons, which shows how fault propagates within the interval between the shallower and deeper horizons (e.g., Dutton and Trudgill, 2009;Morley et al,, 2007); (iii) throw-depth (T-z) profiles, which record fault throw for all interpreted horizons and yield information that can be used to interpret the vertical propagation history of faults (Baudon and Cartwright, 2008a, 2008b, 2008cCartwright et al, 1998;Hongxing and Anderson, 2007); (iv) strike projection of fault throw, which allows the 3D fault growth history to be investigated (Walsh and Watterson, 1991); time-thickness maps, created by calculating the difference in TWT between two horizons to tracks spatial variations in subsidence, are used to determine fault activity during those time intervals.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of fault reactivation during multiphase rifting: the Oseberg area, Northern North Sea rift

Deng¹,

Fossen²,

Gawthorpe³

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Multiphase rifts tend to produce fault populations that evolve by the formation of new faults and reactivation of earlier faults. The resulting fault patterns tend to be complex and difficult to decipher. In this work we use seismic reflection data to examine the evolution of a normal fault network in the Oseberg Fault Block in the northern North Sea Rift System -a rift system that experienced Permian -Early Triassic and Middle Jurassic -Early Cretaceous rifting and exhibits N-S, NW-SE and NE-SW oriented faults.Both N-S-and NW-SE-striking faults were established during the Permian -Early

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Displacement-length scaling and fault linkage

Cited by 473 publications

References 24 publications

The role of inherited extensional fault segmentation and linkage in contractional orogenesis: a reconstruction of Lower Cretaceous inverted rift basins in the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia

The role of inherited extensional fault segmentation and linkage in contractional orogenesis: a reconstruction of Lower Cretaceous inverted rift basins in the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia

Implications of structural inheritance in oblique rift zones for basin compartmentalization: Nkhata Basin, Malawi Rift (EARS)

Influence of fault reactivation during multiphase rifting: the Oseberg area, Northern North Sea rift

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