Disposable and Flexible Electrochemical Paper‐based Analytical Devices Using Low‐cost Conductive Ink

Abstract

In this work, a simple procedure for construction of disposable electrochemical paper‐based analytical devices (ePADs) by screen‐printing using low‐cost materials and a home craft electronic printer is proposed. The devices were constructed using liner paper as a substrate and carbon ink prepared with graphite powder and wood glue. The ePAD was evaluated as an electrochemical sensor and biosensor. The proposed conductive carbon‐based ink can be easily prepared and is an eco‐friendly and non‐toxic material. The developed ePAD was simple to produce and can be used as a low‐cost electrochemical sensor, at less than US $0.20 per device.

Single-Electrode Electrochemical System for the Visual and High-Throughput Electrochemiluminescence Immunoassay

“…The properties of the SEES fabricated by other electrode materials and their applications in the ECL immunoassay have never been explored. Carbon ink is widely used in electrochemical sensors, 16,17 printed batteries, 18,19 and perovskite photovoltaics 20,21 due to its electrical properties and low cost. The screen-printing method has the advantages of simplicity, affordability, and maturity, so it is the main manufacturing process for depositing carbon inks.…”

“…Carbon ink is widely used in electrochemical sensors, , printed batteries, , and perovskite photovoltaics , due to its electrical properties and low cost. The screen-printing method has the advantages of simplicity, affordability, and maturity, so it is the main manufacturing process for depositing carbon inks .…”

Paper based microfluidic devices: a review of fabrication techniques and applications

“…Fonseca et al [ 96 ] gave the basic concept of making disposable ePADs by employing screen printing and inexpensive materials. All the devices were built utilizing liner paper as a base and carbon ink that was made with wood glue and graphite powder.…”

Carbon nanotubes modified conductive ink for application to paper-based electrochemical biosensors for pathogenic DNA detection

“…17 Different printing techniques are available that can be used to coat these inks on paper substrates, such as inkjet printing, screen printing, flexographic printing, etc. [18][19][20] Conductive, printable inks have found prominent applications in the field of flexible and printed electronics. [15][16][17] However, there are only a few reports on conductive ink-coated paper electrodes for electrochemical detection of different analytes.…”