Disposition of Anesthetic and Anesthetic-Related Agents in Ruminants

Jenkins, William Leroy

doi:10.1016/s0749-0720(15)31205-6

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Glomerular filtration reaches adult values at 4 days in lambs and kids while tubular secretion reaches adult levels in 2 weeks (Lumb & Jones 1996). Lambs are able to excrete xenobiotics within 5 to 7 days (Jenkins 1986). The potential for drug accumulation (and toxicityl was greatest for flunixin and buprenorphine, which have been evaluated in adult sheep (Nolan et a1.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anaesthesia for lambs undergoing spinal surgery: a case series

1998

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SummarySix I-month-old lambs were anaesthetized for cervical spinal cord surgery. Anaesthesia was induced with intravenous midazolam (0.5 mg/kg) then halothane delivered by mask in an 02-N20 mixture. After endotracheal intubation, the lungs were ventilated mechanically and anaesthesia maintained with halothane and nitrous oxide. Buprenorphine and flunixin were given before and after surgery, and the wound margin was infiltrated with 0.5% bupivacaine solution. Neuromuscular block was produced with repeated injections of atracurium; neuromuscular transmission was restored with edrophonium. Lambs made a rapid recovery without obvious signs of discomfort, sedation, or weakness after operations lasting up to 156 min. Anaesthesia was induced in a seventh lamb using etomidate, which probably contributed to death during recovery from anaesthesia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anaesthesia for lambs undergoing spinal surgery: a case series

1998

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“…There are also considerable concerns on the reproducibility of major findings reported in published papers . Factors potentially contributing to between‐laboratory differences in pharmacological phenotypes observed in animal studies using the same experimental paradigm are, the species, strain/stock, gender, hormonal status, aging, stress, developmental stage, genetics, environment and gastrointestinal microbiome . As University‐based researchers source their experimental animals from either commercial or institutional breeding facilities, they are dependent upon their breeding settings and are often unaware of changes in the source of breeding pairs/colonies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo profiling of four centrally administered opioids for antinociception, constipation and respiratory depression: Between‐colony differences in Sprague Dawley rats

Kuo

Smith

2018

Clin Exp Pharma Physio

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Outbred rodent stocks including Sprague Dawley rats, are known for their genetic diversity and so they are often used to develop animal models of human disease. Although between-colony differences in pharmaco-behavioural studies have been published previously, a direct head-to-head comparison study, whereby all research was performed in the same laboratory by the same experimenter utilising the supraspinal route of drug administration in the same strain of rat, is lacking. Herein, we report our head-to-head comparison study, involving assessment of antinociception, constipation and respiratory depression evoked by single bolus intracerebroventricular (ICV) doses of morphine, buprenorphine, DPDPE and U69,593 using male Sprague Dawley rats sourced from a different breeding colony (BC2) from that (BC1) used by us previously. Our data show that there are marked differences in the potency rank order for morphine and buprenorphine between rats sourced from BC2 and BC1. Although ICV morphine evoked a bell-shaped dose-response curve in the constipation test for rats from both colonies, this occurred at higher doses for rats from BC2. In conclusion, our head-to-head comparison shows considerable between-colony differences for the same rat strain, in the potency rank order of two clinically important strong opioid analgesics given by the ICV route.

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“…1998). Immature hepatic enzyme systems and an incomplete blood‐brain barrier aggravate these problems (Jenkins 1986). Resting cardiac output and oxygen consumption are high in newborn lambs, which limits their ability to increase oxygen delivery when demand is increased (Klopfenstein & Rudolph 1978).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Problems with anaesthetizing neonate or paediatric subjects -such as lambs -arise from the animals' high metabolic rate, high body water content, low body fat and poorly developed thermoregulatory reflexes (Ward 1984;Clutton et al 1998). Immature hepatic enzyme systems and an incomplete blood-brain barrier aggravate these problems (Jenkins 1986). Resting cardiac output and oxygen consumption are high in newborn lambs, which limits their ability to increase oxygen delivery when demand is increased (Klopfenstein & Rudolph 1978).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%