2014
DOI: 10.1021/tx500150h
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Disposition of Phenolic and Sulfated Metabolites after Inhalation Exposure to 4-Chlorobiphenyl (PCB3) in Female Rats

Abstract: PCBs, such as PCB3, are air contaminants in buildings and outdoors. Metabolites of PCB3 are potential endocrine disrupting chemicals and genotoxic agents. We studied the disposition of phenolic and sulfated metabolites after acute nose-only inhalation exposure to airborne PCB3 for 2 h in female rats. Inhalation exposure was carried out in three groups. In the first group, rats exposed to an estimated dose of 26 μg/rat were euthanized at 0, 1, 2, and 4 h after exposure. Highest concentrations of phenols and sul… Show more

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Cited by 46 publications
(72 citation statements)
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“…Lower chlorinated biphenyls are more rapidly metabolized. For example, PCB3 (4-chlorobiphenyl) displays a short half-life time of hours in rats (Dhakal et al 2014). Lower chlorinated congeners are metabolized to the hydroxyl PCBs and then conjugated or further metabolized to reactive compounds such as quinoid metabolites, the latter ones being most likely the ultimate carcinogens (Espandiari et al 2004).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Lower chlorinated biphenyls are more rapidly metabolized. For example, PCB3 (4-chlorobiphenyl) displays a short half-life time of hours in rats (Dhakal et al 2014). Lower chlorinated congeners are metabolized to the hydroxyl PCBs and then conjugated or further metabolized to reactive compounds such as quinoid metabolites, the latter ones being most likely the ultimate carcinogens (Espandiari et al 2004).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In order to determine the stability of 4′-PCB 3 sulfate and 4-PCB 11 sulfate against acid-mediated hydrolysis, we incubated 20 μM samples of each standard dissolved in 33 % v/v acetonitrile for 0, 15 and 30 minutes in either 1 M hydrochloric acid (Hovander et al 2000; Koh et al 2015; Marek et al 2013; Marek et al 2014), 6.25 M (33 % v/v) sulfuric acid (Dirinck et al 2016; Dirtu et al 2013), 0.14 M (0.5 % v/v) formic acid or 12 M (44 % v/v) formic acid (Dhakal et al 2012; Dhakal et al 2014; Dirtu et al 2010). Subsequently, 20 μl samples were analyzed and quantified by HPLC as described above.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Quantitative analytical procedures have not previously been developed for the detection of PCB sulfates in human serum, and concentrations of PCB sulfates in human populations have not been evaluated, despite their reported thyroid disrupting potential as well as their utility as biomarkers of PCB exposure in rats (Dhakal et al 2013; Dhakal et al 2014). …”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The same effective elimination may occur for OH-PCBs due to their similar molecular structure. Another possibility is that OH-PCBs are further biotransformed to dieOHePCBs and even sulfated metabolites, which have been detected in recent studies where rats were inhalation-exposed to PCB 3 (Dhakal et al, 2012(Dhakal et al, , 2014. However, this is unlikely since fish generally have less ability to biotransform PCBs than rats.…”
Section: Pcb Congener Profile Change and Potential Metabolitesmentioning
confidence: 99%