Dispositional optimism, stress, post-traumatic stress disorder and post-traumatic growth in Greek general population facing the COVID-19 crisis

Koliouli, Flora; Canellopoulos, Lissy

doi:10.1016/j.ejtd.2021.100209

Cited by 38 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Different empirical studies provide varying degrees of evidence to support the positive relationship between personality traits and PTG, including extraversion [ 6 , 26 , 28 ], agreeableness [ 29 ], conscientiousness [ 26 , 28 , 30 ], and optimism [ 31 , 32 ]. The findings on emotional stability are inconsistent; some studies did not show any significant relationship with PTG [ 33 ], while others showed a positive relationship [ 28 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-Traumatic Growth during COVID-19: The Role of Perceived Social Support, Personality, and Coping Strategies

Xie

Kim

2022

Healthcare

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Although many studies on mental health have been conducted among various populations during the COVID-19 pandemic, few studies have focused on post-traumatic growth (PTG) in the general population. The current study aimed to explore whether perceived social support, personality, and coping strategies are associated with PTG in the COVID-19 pandemic period. The study also investigated whether coping strategies mediate the relations between perceived social support, personality, and PTG. A total of 181 participants (Mage = 24) completed the self-report questionnaire online, which was distributed via various online channels, mainly in China and Sweden. The relations between the study variables were examined with correlation analyses and a multiple mediation analysis. Results showed that more than half of the participants (60.8%) reported experiences of PTG during the pandemic. Additionally, perceived social support, personality traits (extraversion, emotional stability, agreeableness, and conscientiousness) and coping strategies (problem-focused coping, emotion-focused coping, and social support coping) were positively correlated with PTG. In addition, coping strategies (problem-focused coping, emotion-focused coping, and avoidance coping) mediated the relations between perceived social support, personality traits and PTG. Theoretical and practical implications of this study are discussed, concluding that the findings of this study have the potential to guide intervention efforts to promote positive change during the pandemic.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-Traumatic Growth during COVID-19: The Role of Perceived Social Support, Personality, and Coping Strategies

Xie

Kim

2022

Healthcare

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“…Fewer studies have explored the prevalence of PTG in connection with the COVID-19 health crisis. Although limited in number, their results indicate that growth may be a positive psychological consequence of the COVID-19 health crisis in different samples, such as the general population in Spain (Prieto-Ursúa & Jódar, 2020 ; Vázquez et al, 2021 ), Greece (Koliouli & Canellopoulos, 2021 ) and Turkey (Ikizer et al, 2021 ), and in specific population groups such as nurses (Chen et al, 2021 ) and high school students (Yu et al, 2021 ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The posttraumatic growth inventory-short form (PTGI-SF): A psychometric study of the spanish population during the COVID-19 pandemic

et al. 2022

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People can experience posttraumatic growth (PTG) when faced with potentially traumatic events. One of the most widely-used instruments to measure PTG is the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory-Short Form (PTGI-SF). However, it has not been validated for the Spanish population. This study explored the psychometric properties of the PTGI-SF in adults living in Spain during the COVID-19 pandemic. Since it is a global disaster, two items were added to assess communal PTG. The participants were adult inhabitants of Spain during the COVID-19 pandemic ( N = 855). They completed the PTGI-SF in July 2020, along with the Impact of Event Scale – Revised to measure symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). They also rated the degree to which they perceived the COVID-19 crisis as being severe. In November 2020, 592 participants once again completed the PTGI-SF. The factorial validity o was tested by Structural Equations Modeling (SEM). McDonald’s ω coefficients were calculated to test internal consistency. The Intra-class Correlation Coefficient (ICC) was obtained to assess test–retest reliability. Sensitivity and criterion-related validity were assessed by exploring the association of the PTGI-SF scores with gender, age, PTSD symptoms, and perceived severity. Results indicated good psychometric properties for an eight-item, four-factor structure of the inventory in terms of structural validity, reliability, sensitivity and criterion-related validity. These factors were: Relating to Others, Personal Strength, Spiritual Change, and Life Value and Opportunities. Communal PTG overlapped with social PTG, and therefore it was not included. Cultural differences need to be addressed when measuring PTG, especially in terms of spiritual growth.

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“…Similar inconsistent findings regarding PPTG and psychological adjustment have been reported in the pandemic. Positive associations of PPTG and distress have been reported in a community sample in Spain (PTSS; Vazquez et al, 2021 ), a sample of nurses in Taiwan (burnout; Chen et al, 2021 ), a sample of dental personnel in Canada, France and Israel (depression and worry; Uziel et al, 2021 ), a sample of community residents in Greece (perceived stress; Koliouli and Canellopoulos, 2021 ), a national sample of US veterans (PTSD symptoms; Pietrzak et al, 2021 ), a snowball sample of people in Turkey (PTSS and perceived depreciation; Ikizer et al, 2021 ), and an online sample in the US (mental health; Kowalski et al, 2021 ). In China, a study of nurses and the general population found PPTG was unrelated to anxiety ( Li et al, 2021 ) and another of high school graduates found PPTG unrelated to anxiety or depression ( Yu et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Relations Of Pptg With Better Psychological Adjustmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Much of this work has been conducted with individuals experiencing personal traumas, but PPTG is also commonly reported in communal traumas such as earthquakes, hurricanes, floods, and terrorist attacks ( Park and Blake, 2020 ). Thus, reports of PPTG might be expected to also be common in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, and indeed early studies have documented fairly high levels of PPTG in samples around the world, including in China ( Li et al, 2021 ), Greece ( Koliouli et al, 2021 ), Germany ( Büssing et al, 2020 ), Spain ( Prieto-Ursúa et al, 2020 ; Vazquez et al, 2021 ), Portugal and the UK ( Stallard et al, 2021 ), Turkey ( Ikizer et al, 2021 ), Taiwan ( Chen et al, 2021 ), Canada, France and Israel ( Uziel et al, 2021 ), and the US ( Pietrzak et al, 2021 ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Does perceived post-traumatic growth predict better psychological adjustment during the COVID-19 pandemic? Results from a national longitudinal survey in the USA

Park¹,

Russell²,

Fendrich³

2022

Journal of Psychiatric Research

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Perceiving that one has grown in positive ways following highly stressful experiences (perceived posttraumatic growth; PPTG) is common and sometimes--but not always--related to psychological wellbeing. However, PPTG is typically studied cross-sectionally and well after the stressful experience has passed; how PPTG might relate to wellbeing over time in an unprecedented, ongoing worldwide disaster such as the COVID-19 pandemic remains unknown. Thus, the current study sought to answer whether, in the midst of the pandemic, PPTG relates to subsequent wellbeing, broadly defined. Participants were N = 1544 MTurk workers who completed a five-wave (T1-T5) six-month longitudinal study. Current analyses focused on T2-T5 ( n s = 860–712). At each time point, participants completed self-report measures of PPTG and wellbeing (depression, anxiety, stress, positive states of mind, alcohol use, posttraumatic stress). In cross-lagged panel models, PPTG was largely unrelated to subsequent wellbeing. Somewhat more evidence was found that increasing distress led to increases in PPTG, suggesting perceptions of growth may serve as a coping mechanism. PPTG does not appear to benefit adjustment to the COVID-19 pandemic and may simply reflect efforts to manage distress.

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Dispositional optimism, stress, post-traumatic stress disorder and post-traumatic growth in Greek general population facing the COVID-19 crisis

Cited by 38 publications

References 55 publications

Post-Traumatic Growth during COVID-19: The Role of Perceived Social Support, Personality, and Coping Strategies

Post-Traumatic Growth during COVID-19: The Role of Perceived Social Support, Personality, and Coping Strategies

The posttraumatic growth inventory-short form (PTGI-SF): A psychometric study of the spanish population during the COVID-19 pandemic

Does perceived post-traumatic growth predict better psychological adjustment during the COVID-19 pandemic? Results from a national longitudinal survey in the USA

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