Disproportionate Minority Contact in the Land of Enchantment: Juvenile Justice Disparities as a Reflection of White-Over-Color Ascendancy

Racial and Ethnic Disparities in the Police Handling of Juvenile Arrests

“…The findings of this study contribute to the literature on racial and ethnic disparities in the juvenile justice system by focusing on an early stage in the decision-making process and by broadening the geographic scope of past studies (Duran & Posadas, 2013; Freiburger & Burke, 2011; Guevara, Boyd, Taylor, & Brown, 2011; Moore & Padavic, 2010). The findings highlight the way race and ethnicity influence postarrest decision making for less serious charges and point to the ongoing need to strive for equitable treatment of youth.…”

The Policing of Youth on the U.S.–Mexico Border

“…Along the U.S.–Mexico border region of southern New Mexico, in two majority–minority judicial districts, law enforcement officers arrested Hispanic youth at higher rates than White youth. Since arrests were the first critical decision-making point in the juvenile justice system, analyzing the explanations provided by law enforcement allowed additional insight into understanding DMC (Davis & Sorensen, 2012; Dillard, 2013; Durán & Posadas, 2013; Kempf-Leonard, 2007; Leiber & Rodriguez, 2011; Pope & Feyerherm, 1995; Pope et al, 2002). In order to answer why selective enforcement was occurring, the authors interviewed law enforcement officers in addition to a variety of other practitioners and analyzed various sources of data.…”

“…The authors of this study began with the following research question “Why are Hispanic youth who live along the U.S.–Mexico border overrepresented at the point of arrest compared to White youth?” A previous publication by the authors found Black and Hispanic youth in the State of New Mexico were overrepresented in the juvenile justice system (Durán & Posadas, 2013). This finding was surprising to many practitioners because New Mexico was a majority–minority state: Hispanics were a numerical majority in the state’s population.…”

The evolution of healthcare for Louisville's African American community, 1865-1990.

“…The study, conducted by the Community Chest Health Council, revealed that the amount of beds the city would gain from purchasing the hospital, 65, would not be enough to justify such a transition. Many on the committee, and several of the black physicians, were surprised to learn that the City Hospital reserved half of its beds (206) for the black patients, so a new facility would have to accommodate at least that number to suffice. That the document mentions surprise on the part of white and black physicians in being informed of the amount of beds reserved for black patients at the City Hospital begs the question: Were these beds merely a fictional figure and in actuality less beds were being reserved for black patients?…”

“…Studies using a CRT framework can be seen in the field of social studies (Daniels, 2011;Freeman, 2011), criminal justice (Bornstein, Chrarles, Domingo & Solis, 2012;Duran & Posadas, 2013) and most notably in the area of education research (Espino, 2012;Helig, Brown & Brown, 2012;LadsonBillings, 1998). …”