Disregulation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in the mentally retarded

Sandman, Curt A.; Barron, Jennifer L.; Parker, Lawrence N.

doi:10.1016/0091-3057(85)90124-8

Cited by 12 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 23 publications

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“…The increase in these chaperones after restraint stress ( Figure 1) may represent an attempt to oppose the toxic effect of prolonged stress and the high concentrations of glucocorticoid, such as corticosterone, on the brain. Dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, which controls glucocorticoid levels, has been reported in most depression patients and glucocorticoid level of depression patients was higher than those of normal ones [22][23][24]. In the mice in the present study, 6-hr restraint stress elevated the concentration of corticosterone in plasma, suggesting that restraint stress induced a response similar to depression.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 49%

Restraint-Induced Expression of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Related Genes in the Mouse Brain

Ishisaka¹,

Kudo²,

Shimazawa³

et al. 2011

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Depression is a significant public health concern but its pathology remains unclear. Previously, increases in an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related protein were reported in the temporal cortex of subjects with major depressive disorder who had died by suicide. This finding suggests an association between depression and ER stress. The present study was designed to investigate whether acute stress could affect the ER stress response. Mice were immobilized for a period of 6 hr and then expression of ER stress response-related genes was measured by real-time PCR. We also used enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for concomitant measurement of the plasma corticosterone levels in the mice. The effect of corticosterone on ER stress proteins was further investigated by treating mice with corticosterone for 2 weeks and then measuring ER protein expression by Western blotting. After a 6 hr restraint stress, mRNA levels of ER stress-related genes, such as the 78-kilodalton glucose regulated protein (GRP78), the 94-kilodalton glucose regulated protein (GRP94), and calreticulin, were increased in the cortex, hippocampus, and striatum of mouse brain. Blood plasma corticosterone level was also increased. In the corticosterone-treated mouse model, the expression of GRP78 and GRP94 was significantly increased in the hippocampus. These results suggest that acute stress may affect ER function and that ER stress may be involved in the pathogenesis of restraint stress, including the development of depression

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 49%

Restraint-Induced Expression of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Related Genes in the Mouse Brain

Ishisaka¹,

Kudo²,

Shimazawa³

et al. 2011

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α-MSH Peptides Inhibit Production of Nitric Oxide and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α by Microglial Cells Activated with β-Amyloid and Interferon γ

Galimberti

Baron

Meda

et al. 1999

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications

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Urinary cortisol circadian rhythm in a group of high-functioning children with autism

Richdale

Prior

1992

J Autism Dev Disord

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Previous research has suggested that there may be dysfunction in the control of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in autistic children. Both an abnormal cortisol circadian rhythm and failure to suppress cortisol secretion in response to dexamethasone have been reported. This study investigated the basal urinary cortisol circadian rhythm in a group of high-functioning children with autism and matched controls. No evidence was found for abnormal temporal placement of the circadian rhythm in the autistic group. There was a tendency towards cortisol hypersecretion during the day, predominantly in those autistic children who were integrated into the normal school system. While the temporal parameters of the cortisol circadian rhythm in these children with autism were probably normal, the tendency towards cortisol hypersecretion may indicate an environmental stress response in this group.

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Disregulation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in the mentally retarded

Cited by 12 publications

References 23 publications

Restraint-Induced Expression of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Related Genes in the Mouse Brain

Restraint-Induced Expression of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Related Genes in the Mouse Brain

α-MSH Peptides Inhibit Production of Nitric Oxide and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α by Microglial Cells Activated with β-Amyloid and Interferon γ

Urinary cortisol circadian rhythm in a group of high-functioning children with autism

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