Disrespect and abuse during facility based childbirth: The experience of mothers in Kano, Northern Nigeria

The Proportion and Nature of Disrespect and Abuse during facility-based care in a rural and an urban setting in Kano, northwest Nigeria; A mixed-method study

“…These were mostly married, housewives, of Hausa ethnic group and had primary level of education. These are similar to findings of Amole et al who reported that most of the respondents were 25-29years with average age of 27.7 ± 6.3, mostly married, housewives, of Hausa ethnic group, but rather a secondary level of education as their respondents were only urban Kano women [17]. The finding defers from those of a study from the South-west Nigeria where more than half of the respondents were in the 30-39 year age group, another half had a tertiary education and of Yoruba ethnic group [24] or another from the south east where mean age of the respondents was 32.1 ± 2.7 years, mainly from the Igbo tribe and more than one third had completed tertiary education [18].…”

“…The study adopted a quantitative data collection utilizing questionnaire and qualitative data collection by utilizing in-depth interviews (IDIs) for health workers and focus group discussions (FGDs) for recently delivered women. It was a hospital-based survey which took place in the postnatal and immunization clinic and involved women of reproductive age (15-49years) in the selected communities who delivered their babies in the health facility within the past 1year (7,(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23).…”

“…A sample size of 292 was used to include respondents selected from facilities in the urban and rural setting. Using a prevalence of disrespect and abuse of 55.9% reported in Kano recently, North-west Nigeria [17], a sample size for the women's survey was calculated with the formula as n = z 2 P q/d 2 ( where n = Sample size, z = Standard normal deviation = 1.96 at 95% Confidence limit, P = Prevalence rate of disrespect and abuse = 55.9%, q = 1 − P = 1-0.559=0.441, d = Error margin = 5%). This gave a sample size of 292 after adding 20% to account for attrition.…”

“…A multi-country study found that 1 in 5 women who attended antenatal care in maternity health facilities had at least one episode of abuse in six European countries-Sweden, Norway, Belgium, Estonia, Iceland and Denmark [11]. Much higher prevalence rates are recorded in some of the African countries [13,14] including Nigeria, with the prevalence rates among women during childbirth in health facilities ranging between 23.7-98% [15][16][17]. A previous study was conducted only in urban Kano and used quantitative method [17].…”

“…Much higher prevalence rates are recorded in some of the African countries [13,14] including Nigeria, with the prevalence rates among women during childbirth in health facilities ranging between 23.7-98% [15][16][17]. A previous study was conducted only in urban Kano and used quantitative method [17]. The determinants of D&A are also poorly misunderstood but are beyond the scope of this initial report.…”