Disrupted cortical brain network in post-traumatic stress disorder patients: a resting-state electroencephalographic study

Shim, Miseon; Ch, Im; Sh, Lee

doi:10.1038/tp.2017.200

Cited by 33 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 72 publications

(59 reference statements)

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“…Gross artifacts, such as movement artifacts, were rejected by visual inspection by a skilled expert. After rejecting artifacts, the data were bandpass filtered at 1−55 Hz and segmented into epochs with a duration of 4.096 s. The epochs were rejected if they contained significant physiological artifacts (amplitude exceeding ±75 μV) at any site over all electrodes, and ten artifact-free epochs were used for each subject for source-level network analysis ( Shim et al, 2017 ). Epoch length was determined considering both efficiency and reliability based on previous research findings ( Gudmundsson et al, 2007 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered cortical functional network in major depressive disorder: A resting-state electroencephalogram study

Shim

Kim

et al. 2018

NeuroImage: Clinical

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BackgroundElectroencephalogram (EEG)-based brain network analysis is a useful biological correlate reflecting brain function. Sensor-level network analysis might be contaminated by volume conduction and does not explain regional brain characteristics. Source-level network analysis could be a useful alternative. We analyzed EEG-based source-level network in major depressive disorder (MDD).MethodResting-state EEG was recorded in 87 MDD and 58 healthy controls, and cortical source signals were estimated. Network measures were calculated: global indices (strength, clustering coefficient (CC), path length (PL), and efficiency) and nodal indices (eigenvector centrality and nodal CC) in six frequency. Correlation analyses were performed between network indices and symptom scales.ResultsAt the global level, MDD showed decreased strength, CC in theta and alpha bands, and efficiency in alpha band, while enhanced PL in alpha band. At nodal level, eigenvector centrality of alpha band showed region dependent changes in MDD. Nodal CCs of alpha band were reduced in MDD and were negatively correlated with depression and anxiety scales.ConclusionDisturbances in EEG-based brain network indices might reflect altered emotional processing in MDD. These source-level network indices might provide useful biomarkers to understand regional brain pathology in MDD.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered cortical functional network in major depressive disorder: A resting-state electroencephalogram study

Shim

Kim

et al. 2018

NeuroImage: Clinical

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“…Indeed, some functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have shown an altered resting-state FC in some brain regions, including the amygdala, anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), and medial prefrontal cortex in patients with PTSD, as compared to healthy controls [84,85]. These findings suggest that disrupted frontal network connectivity may be related to those who struggled to recover from adverse experiences [86].…”

Section: The Role Of the Prefrontal Cortex In Cognitive Control Emotmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, from a brain-network-organization perspective, the reorganization of brain networks and their association with adverse experiences may serve as an important predictive marker for normal functioning [117]. Some people experience higher levels of severe adversity; this can disrupt the brain network [86] and weaken the cognitive flexibility needed to adjust negative emotions back to their normal affective state. Worse still, an adverse event can lead to a large surprise that may impair the cognition-emotion processing and amplify larger switching costs for cognitive flexibility.…”

Section: Linking the Malleable Brain Resilient Mind And Adaptive Bementioning

confidence: 99%

Neurocognitive Mechanism of Human Resilience: A Conceptual Framework and Empirical Review

Yao

Hsieh

2019

IJERPH

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Resilience is an innate human capacity that holds the key to uncovering why some people rebound after trauma and others never recover. Various theories have debated the mechanisms underlying resilience at the psychological level but have not yet incorporated neurocognitive concepts/findings. In this paper, we put forward the idea that cognitive flexibility moderates how well people adapt to adverse experiences, by shifting attention resources between cognition–emotion regulation and pain perception. We begin with a consensus on definitions and highlight the role of cognitive appraisals in mediating this process. Shared concepts among appraisal theories suggest that cognition–emotion, as well as pain perception, are cognitive mechanisms that underlie how people respond to adversity. Frontal brain circuitry sub-serves control of cognition and emotion, connecting the experience of physical pain. This suggests a substantial overlap between these phenomena. Empirical studies from brain imaging support this notion. We end with a discussion of how the role of the frontal brain network in regulating human resilience, including how the frontal brain network interacts with cognition–emotion–pain perception, can account for cognitive theories and why cognitive flexibilities’ role in these processes can create practical applications, analogous to the resilience process, for the recovery of neural plasticity.

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“…Connectome‐based analyses to characterize specific topological properties of whole‐brain connectivity (Bullmore & Sporns, 2009) report mostly inconsistent results, with limited evidence of topological alterations in individuals with PTSD (Lei et al, 2015; Long et al, 2013; Niu et al, 2018; Shim, Im, & Lee, 2017; Spielberg, McGlinchey, Milberg, & Salat, 2015; Suo et al, 2015; Xu et al, 2018; H. Zhu et al, 2019). The primary findings thus far suggest that individuals with PTSD have greater “small‐worldness” (i.e., more clustering and shorter connections [“paths”] that link regions within the network) and greater centrality (i.e., more central regions [“nodes”] with a high number of paths passing through them) in DMN and SN, further highlighting the roles of these networks in PTSD (Lei et al, 2015; Long et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between resting‐state functional connectivity and treatment response in a randomized clinical trial for posttraumatic stress disorder

Sheynin

Duval

King

et al. 2020

Depression and Anxiety

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Background: Alterations in resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) have been reported in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Here, we examined pre-and posttreatment rsFC during a randomized clinical trial to characterize alterations and examine predictors of treatment response. Methods: Sixty-four combat veterans with PTSD were randomly assigned to prolonged exposure (PE) plus placebo, sertraline plus enhanced medication management, or PE plus sertraline. Symptom assessment and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans occurred before and after treatment. Twenty-nine trauma-exposed combat veterans without PTSD served as a control group at intake. Seed-based and region of interest (ROI)-to-ROI connectivities, as well as an exploratory connectome-based approach were used to analyze rsFC patterns. Based on previously reported findings, analyses focused on Salience Network (SN) and Default-Mode Network (DMN). Results: At intake, patients with PTSD showed greater DMN-dorsal attention network (DAN) connectivity (between ventromedial prefrontal cortex and superior parietal lobule; family-wise error corrected p = .011), greater SN-DAN connectivity (between insula and middle frontal gyrus; corrected p = .003), and a negative correlation between re-experiencing symptoms and within-DMN connectivity (between posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) and middle temporal gyrus; corrected p < .001). We also found preliminary evidence for associations between rsFC and treatment response. Specifically, high responders (≥50% PTSD symptom improvement), compared with low responders, had greater SN-DMN segregation (i.e., less pretreatment amygdala-PCC connectivity; p = .011) and lower pre-treatment global centrality (p = .042).

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Disrupted cortical brain network in post-traumatic stress disorder patients: a resting-state electroencephalographic study

Cited by 33 publications

References 72 publications

Altered cortical functional network in major depressive disorder: A resting-state electroencephalogram study

Altered cortical functional network in major depressive disorder: A resting-state electroencephalogram study

Neurocognitive Mechanism of Human Resilience: A Conceptual Framework and Empirical Review

Associations between resting‐state functional connectivity and treatment response in a randomized clinical trial for posttraumatic stress disorder

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