Disruption of kynurenine pathway reveals physiological importance of tryptophan catabolism in Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata

Ze, Long-Ji; Xu, Ping; Kang, Wei-Nan; Wu, Jian‐Jian; Jin, Lin; Anjum, Ahmad Ali; Li, Guoqing

doi:10.1007/s00726-021-03009-4

Cited by 19 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…In insects, L‐tryptophan is an essential amino acid required in several physiological processes of insects apart from protein synthesis. These include the synthesis of kynurenine, eye chromes, picolinic acid and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) (Beasley & Dowse, 2016; Ze et al, 2021). In cabbage butterfly, Pieris brassicae , the lack of tryptophan leads to a decrease in xanthommatin which accumulates in the larval epidermis as a brown‐red pigment during the larval feeding period.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probiotic potentials of the silkworm gut symbiont Enterococcus casseliflavus ECB140, a promising L-tryptophan producer living inside the host

Liang

Zhang

et al. 2022

Journal of Applied Microbiology

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Aims: L-tryptophan is an essential aromatic amino acid for the growth and development of animals. Studies about enteric L-tryptophan-producing bacteria are scarce.In this report, we characterized the probiotic potential of Enterococcus casseliflavus ECB140, focusing on its L-tryptophan production abilities.Methods and results: ECB140 strain was isolated from the silkworm gut and can survive under strong alkaline environmental conditions. Bacterial colonization traits (motility and biofilm) were examined and showed that only ECB140 produced flagellum and strong biofilms compared with other Enterococcus strains. Comparative genome sequence analyses showed that only ECB140 possessed a complete route for L-tryptophan synthesis among all 15 strains. High-performance liquid chromatography and qRT-PCR confirmed the capability of ECB140 to produce L-tryptophan.Besides, the genome also contains the biosynthesis pathways of several other essential amino acids, such as phenylalanine, threonine, valine, leucine, isoleucine and lysine. These results indicate that ECB140 has the ability to survive passage through the gut and could act as a candidate probiotic. Conclusions:The study describes a novel, natural silkworm gut symbiont capable of producing L-tryptophan. Enterococcus casseliflavus ECB140 physical and genomic attributes offer possibilities for its colonization and provide L-tryptophan for lepidopteran insects.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probiotic potentials of the silkworm gut symbiont Enterococcus casseliflavus ECB140, a promising L-tryptophan producer living inside the host

Liang

Zhang

et al. 2022

Journal of Applied Microbiology

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“…H. vigintioctopunctata beetles were fed with eggplant leaves in an insectary as previously described 21 . Briefly, to ensure enough nutrition, the beetles were fed with eggplant leaves and kept in an insectary at 28 ± 1 °C with a 14 h:10 h light–dark photoperiod and 50–60% relative humidity.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2.1 Insect H. vigintioctopunctata beetles were fed with eggplant leaves in an insectary as previously described. 21 Briefly, to ensure enough nutrition, the beetles were fed with eggplant leaves and kept in an insectary at 28 ± 1 °C with a 14 h:10 h light-dark photoperiod and 50-60% relative humidity. Under this feeding strategy, the larvae go through four separate instars, with periods of 3, 2, 2 and 3 days for the first-, second-, third-, and fourth-instar stages, respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silencing tyrosine hydroxylase or dopa decarboxylase gene disrupts cuticle tanning during larva‐pupa‐adult transformation in Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata

Wang

Peng

et al. 2022

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUND: The 28-spotted potato ladybird, Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata, is a notorious defoliator of many solanaceous and cucurbitaceous plants. Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and dopa decarboxylase (DDC) are responsible for cuticle tanning pathway in insects.RESULTS: We identified HvTH and HvDDC in H. vigintioctopunctata, and found that high levels of them were accumulated just before or right after molting. Injection of dsHvTH or feeding 3-iodo-tyrosine (3-IT) at the third instar larval stage repressed tanning of the larval cuticle, reduced larval feeding, inhibited larval growth, and consequently caused 100% of larval mortality. Knockdown of HvDDC at the third instar larval stage hardly affected the coloration of larval head, and partially inhibited pigmentation of larval bodies and around 80% of the HvDDC RNAi larvae developed into albino pupae and adults. Moreover, depletion of HvTH or HvDDC at the fourth instar larval stage resulted in albino pupae and adults. The HvTH or HvDDC hypomorph adults fully or partially failed to remove the larval/pupal exuviae, possessed pale and abnormal wings, and poorly tanned heads and bodies, and eventually, struggled for several days without feeding on leaves before death.CONCLUSION: These results show that TH and DDC play key roles in larval and adult cuticle tanning and development in H. vigintioctopunctata. Also, these findings suggest that dopa-and dopamine-originated pigments are essential for larval and adult feeding behavior and the molting process during emergence.

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“…RNA interference of larvae was performed according to a previously described method ( Xu et al, 2020 ; Ze et al, 2021 ). Briefly, an aliquot (0.1 μl) of the solution including 300 ng dsRNA was injected into the newly ecdysed third instar larvae.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silencing of Adc and Ebony Causes Abnormal Darkening of Cuticle in Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata

Jin

2022

Front. Physiol.

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N-β-alanyldopamine (NBAD) is a precursor of N-acylquinone sclerotin utilized for cross-linking between cuticular proteins for cuticle during insect molting. The importance of NBAD in cuticle tanning has not been well compared among different developing stages of insects. Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata, a typical polyphagous pest feeding on a large number of Solanaceae and Cucurbitaceae plants in Asian countries, displays diverse cuticle pigmentation patterns among developing stages and body regions. Here, we found that the expression of three genes (Hvadc, Hvebony, and Hvtan) involved in NBAD biosynthesis peaked in the 4-day-old pupae or 0-day-old adults of H. vigintioctopunctata. At the first, second, third, and fourth larval instar and pupal stage, their transcript levels were high just before and/or right after the molting. Moreover, they were more abundantly transcribed at the larval heads than in the bodies. RNA interference (RNAi) of either Hvadc or Hvebony at the third instar larvae selectively deepened the color of the larval head capsules, antennae, mouthpart, scoli, strumae, and legs; and depletion of the two genes blackened the pupal head capsules, antennae, mouthpart, and legs. However, the knockdown of either Hvadc or Hvebony darkened the whole bodies of the adults. Conversely, RNAi of Hvtan at the third instar stage had little influence on the pigmentation in the larvae, pupae, and adults. These findings demonstrated that Adc and Ebony are important in cuticle pigmentation of H. vigintioctopunctata and suggested that larger quantities of NBAD were present in adults and play more important roles in pigmentation than larvae/pupae.

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Disruption of kynurenine pathway reveals physiological importance of tryptophan catabolism in Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata

Cited by 19 publications

References 41 publications

Probiotic potentials of the silkworm gut symbiont Enterococcus casseliflavus ECB140, a promising L-tryptophan producer living inside the host

Probiotic potentials of the silkworm gut symbiont Enterococcus casseliflavus ECB140, a promising L-tryptophan producer living inside the host

Silencing tyrosine hydroxylase or dopa decarboxylase gene disrupts cuticle tanning during larva‐pupa‐adult transformation in Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata

Silencing of Adc and Ebony Causes Abnormal Darkening of Cuticle in Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata

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