Disruptive reproductive technologies

Cohen, I. Glenn; Daley, George Q.; Adashi, Eli Y.

doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.aag2959

Cited by 38 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Efforts to derive functional germ cells from mouse iPSCs have paralleled those directed at somatic lineage specification [ 129 , 130 , 131 ], ultimately leading to reconstitution of the entire life cycle of the mouse female germ line in vitro from primordial germ cell-like cells (PGCLCs) derived from iPSCs in culture [ 132 ]. These latter studies, coupled with reports of PGCLC specification from human iPSCs [ 133 , 134 ], have sparked considerable discussion over the potential for use of human iPSC-derived oocytes in assisted reproduction for women in the future [ 135 , 136 , 137 , 138 ].…”

Section: Mitochondrial Dynamics In Artificial Oocytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Maternal Aging on Mitochondrial Heterogeneity, Inheritance, and Function in Oocytes and Preimplantation Embryos

Woods

Khrapko

Tilly

2018

Genes

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Contrasting the equal contribution of nuclear genetic material from maternal and paternal sources to offspring, passage of mitochondria, and thus mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), is uniparental through the egg. Since mitochondria in eggs are ancestral to all somatic mitochondria of the next generation and to all cells of future generations, oocytes must prepare for the high energetic demands of maturation, fertilization and embryogenesis while simultaneously ensuring that their mitochondrial genomes are inherited in an undamaged state. Although significant effort has been made to understand how the mtDNA bottleneck and purifying selection act coordinately to prevent silent and unchecked spreading of invisible mtDNA mutations through the female germ line across successive generations, it is unknown if and how somatic cells of the immediate next generation are spared from inheritance of detrimental mtDNA molecules. Here, we review unique aspects of mitochondrial activity and segregation in eggs and early embryos, and how these events play into embryonic developmental competency in the face of advancing maternal age.

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Section: Mitochondrial Dynamics In Artificial Oocytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Maternal Aging on Mitochondrial Heterogeneity, Inheritance, and Function in Oocytes and Preimplantation Embryos

Woods

Khrapko

Tilly

2018

Genes

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“…However, extrapolating in vitro oogenesis protocols from mouse to human is unlikely to be trivial; in vitro maturation (IVM) of immature oocytes to produce fertilizable oocytes in the mouse 70 took over two decades to translate to IVM in humans 71 . Indeed, extensive preclinical research will be required to assess the safety and efficacy of using human in vitro-derived oocytes, and in vitro-derived gametes more generally, before their clinical use could be contemplated; numerous ethical issues will also need to be addressed 72,73 .…”

Section: Mitophagymentioning

confidence: 99%

Assisted reproductive technologies to prevent human mitochondrial disease transmission

et al. 2017

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“…10 More recently, researchers have warned that the SCD-gamete technology "may exacerbate concerns regarding human enhancement," raising hard questions of where to draw the line "between alterations that end harmful conditions versus eugenics." 11 It is important to critically assess the likelihood of such scenarios. At present, much of this likelihood is premised upon further scientific developments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In VitroGametogenesis and the Creation of ‘Designer Babies’

Pennings

Dondorp

Mertes³

2019

Camb Q Healthc Ethics

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Abstract:Research into the development of stem cell-derived (SCD) gametes in humans, otherwise known as in vitro gametogenesis (IVG), is largely motivated by reproductive aims. Especially, the goal of establishing genetic parenthood by means of SCD-gametes is considered an important aim. However, like other applications in the field of assisted reproduction, this technology evokes worries about the possibility of creating so-called ‘designer babies.’ In this paper, we investigate various ways in which SCD-gametes could be used to create such preference-matched offspring, and what this would mean for the acceptability of IVG, if it is premised that it is morally problematic to ‘design’ offspring. We argue that IVG might facilitate the creation of preference-matched offspring, but conclude that this should not undermine the moral acceptability of IVG altogether—even if one concedes the premise that creating ‘designer babies’ is morally problematic. In the light of this, we also point at a possible inconsistency for a position that condemns the creation of ‘designer offspring,’ while accepting the various endeavors to have genetically related offspring.

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Disruptive reproductive technologies

Abstract: In vitro gametogenesis raises new possibilities for reproductive and regenerative medicine as well as vexing policy challenges.

Cited by 38 publications

References 23 publications

Influence of Maternal Aging on Mitochondrial Heterogeneity, Inheritance, and Function in Oocytes and Preimplantation Embryos

Influence of Maternal Aging on Mitochondrial Heterogeneity, Inheritance, and Function in Oocytes and Preimplantation Embryos

Assisted reproductive technologies to prevent human mitochondrial disease transmission

In VitroGametogenesis and the Creation of ‘Designer Babies’

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