Disseminated Cysticercosis

Abstract

the mountain in Mongol where there were close contacts with animals, contaminated water, lack of sewage system and poor personal hygiene. He grew up and mostly lived in Mongol. He has migrated to Korea and it has been only 6months in Korea. His consciousness was alert and his appearance looked to be normal. There were no neurologic deficits seen on physical examinations.He was admitted to our hospital and investigated with routine hematology that showed normal complete blood count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein were normal range. Human immunodeficiency virus-antibody test using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was negative. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) routine exam of spinal tapping revealed pleocytosis, predominant polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and acid fast bacilli stain and culture were negative. However, in ELISA investigation, serum and CSF parasite antibody immunoglobulin G for cysticercosis were positive. The electrocardiogram was normal sinus rhythm and three dimension echocardiography showed normal wall motion.The x-ray for the skull did not reveal abnormal appearance. Brain CT revealed multiple cystic lesions, which appeared as starry-night appearance, in the brain parenchyma (Fig. 1). Brain MRI showed numerous cystic lesions in the brain parenchyma and the lesions were also founded in temporalis muscle, around optic nerve and tongue (Fig. 2). On the spine MRI and whole body MRI, there were numerous cysticerci in subcutaneous tissue, skeletal muscles and the other organs (Fig. 3, 4). Therefore, we thought that cysticerci were disseminated throughout the whole body.The open biopsies were taken from the brain. Incision was made on the skin and the temporalis muscle was exposed with a whitish yellow egg. After Fronto-temporal craniotomy, anoth- INTRODUCTIONNeurocysticercosis is the most common parasite disease of the central nervous system 3,5,6,9,11,12,15) . However, disseminated cysticercosis is a very rare manifestation of the neurocysticercosis and fewer than 50 cases of disseminated cysticercosis have been reported in the world 2,7). Government medical college in India mentioned that among 450 cases of cysticercosis, only one case of disseminated cysticercosis was seen in their study 2) . Also, we underwent several cases of the neurocyticercosis in our institution but this case of disseminated cysticercosis was the first time we had treated in Korea.Although, the regimen for the treatment of neurocysticercosis is reported, there is no therapeutic regimen for the disseminated cysticercosis established in Korea. CASE REPORTA 39-year-old young man from Mongol presented with generalized tonic-clonic seizures and headache. He had not taken antiepileptic drugs and any other medications before this seizure attack. He complained of a headache, not depend on time but any time throughout the day. He did not have any medical diseases or operation in the past. In his childhood, he enjoyed to eat uncooked pigs, yaks, cows and horses. Additionally, he grew up at J Korean Neurosurg Soc...

Solitary Cysticercosis of the Temporalis Muscle: Report of a Rare Case

“…The advantage of albendazole over praziquantel is that the former also destroys subarachnoid and ventricular cysts because of its better penetration in CSF, as well as the fact that it can be administered jointly with corticosteroid agents for antiinflammatory therapy [4]. Serum levels of praziquantel are increased by ingestion with meals, high carbohydrate diet, co-administration with and cimetidine and ingestion with grapefruit juice while that of albendazole is increased by fatty food [5].…”

“…It is a common parasitic disease affecting most of the developing countries, especially Latin-America, Asia and Africa. These countries have high prevalence of cysticercosis because of their close contact between humans and pigs, and poor hygiene [4].…”

“…However, it may be associated with severe reactions, like local tissue swelling and generalized anaphylactic reaction as a result of massive release of antigens. The corticosteroids would help in decreasing the incidence of such complications if used before starting the cysticidal drug [4].…”

Rare Case of Disseminated Cysticercosis and Taeniasis in a Japanese Traveler after Returning from India

“…23,24 An albendazole dose of 15 mg/kg/day for 30 days has been used in many cases of disseminated cysticercosis, 6,26,27 though low dose and short duration (12 mg/kg/day for 8 days) regimens have also successfully treated the disease. 28 Additional deposits of cases and investigations are needed for the establishment of proper care of patients affected by disseminated cysticercosis. This is a rare case of secondary disseminated cysticercosis caused by autoinfection in a taeniasis carrier.…”

What is a Low Frequency of the Disseminated Cysticercosis Suggests that Neurocysticercosis is Going to Disappear?

“…The pharmacological treatment of DCC reported good results for some patients with subcutaneous and muscular involvement if the CNS is not severely affected [41,42]. On the other hand, have been confirmed cases with DCC and chronic liver disease in which case even if the ELISA test was suggestive, the final diagnosis was obtained by CT scans of the brain [43], and have been reported cases with unilateral eye lesion [44], and even bilaterally [80], thyroid involvement [8,45] , pancreatic enzyme alterations [46] or without clinical or biochemical alterations of pancreatic function [47], spleen damage [47,47], cardiac [8,[48][49][50][51][52][53], even without associated DCC [52], lung [45,[53][54][55], joints [56] and muscles of the face and neck [44,48].…”