2020
DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2020.e00902
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Disseminated herpes zoster with cauda equina symptoms

Abstract: Highlights Herpes zoster results from the reactivation of dormant varicella zoster virus. Risk factors include older ages and immunosuppression. Lumbosacral plexopathy is a complication of disseminated herpes zoster. Early treatment even in immunocompetent patients can decrease morbidity. Awareness of the complications is crucial to provide early treatment.

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Cited by 5 publications
(7 citation statements)
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“…The above case provides an example of CNS VZV infection complicated by Elsberg syndrome, a rarely recognized cause of infectious lumbosacral radiculitis and myelitis. 10 , 11 Findings supporting this diagnosis include a rash consistent with HZ, neuropathy along the S2-S3 distribution, features of cauda equina syndrome (acute urinary retention, fecal incontinence, and saddle anesthesia), T2 peripherally enhancing lesion in the conus medullaris on MRI, a positive finding of CSF VZV PCR, and surgical pathology negative for neoplasm or other specific infectious or inflammatory process. One study estimated that Elsberg syndrome accounted for 10% of patients presenting with cauda equina syndrome and myelitis.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The above case provides an example of CNS VZV infection complicated by Elsberg syndrome, a rarely recognized cause of infectious lumbosacral radiculitis and myelitis. 10 , 11 Findings supporting this diagnosis include a rash consistent with HZ, neuropathy along the S2-S3 distribution, features of cauda equina syndrome (acute urinary retention, fecal incontinence, and saddle anesthesia), T2 peripherally enhancing lesion in the conus medullaris on MRI, a positive finding of CSF VZV PCR, and surgical pathology negative for neoplasm or other specific infectious or inflammatory process. One study estimated that Elsberg syndrome accounted for 10% of patients presenting with cauda equina syndrome and myelitis.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Os pacientes permanecem altamente contagiosos durante esta fase até que as lesões estejam completamente secas 6 . Tipicamente, o HZ é unilateral 7 e os dermátomos mais frequentemente acometidos são os da região torácica, seguidos dos da face e das regiões cervical e lombossacral 10 . A doença disseminada, definida como mais de vinte lesões cutâneas que se desenvolvem fora da área primariamente afetada ou dos dermátomos diretamente adjacentes a ela, consiste em 1% dos casos 10 .…”
Section: Discussionunclassified
“…Tipicamente, o HZ é unilateral 7 e os dermátomos mais frequentemente acometidos são os da região torácica, seguidos dos da face e das regiões cervical e lombossacral 10 . A doença disseminada, definida como mais de vinte lesões cutâneas que se desenvolvem fora da área primariamente afetada ou dos dermátomos diretamente adjacentes a ela, consiste em 1% dos casos 10 . A revisão sistemática realizada por Susannah L Mckay et al (2020) analisou o risco de HZ e complicações associadas em pacientes imunocomprometidos, incluindo para análise pacientes adultos com transplante de células hematopoiéticas (TCH), câncer, vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV) e transplante de órgãos sólidos.…”
Section: Discussionunclassified
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“…Mechanistically, the MRI of our patient confirmed the presence of TM resulting in symptoms like those of the cauda equina syndrome, thus attributing the patient’s motor symptoms and neurogenic bladder and bowel to the involvement of sacral nerve roots and detrusor muscle areflexia [ 11 ]. Acyclovir, a nucleoside analog that inhibits the replication of viruses, has been successfully used to treat VZV and herpes simplex virus, including cases with the cauda equina syndrome [ 12 ]. Although several mechanisms of resistance to acyclovir have been elucidated in AIDS-compromised individuals [ 13 , 14 ], acyclovir is generally well tolerated with few side effects, including acute kidney injury, hepatotoxicity, and neurotoxicity [ 15 - 17 ].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%