Disseminated infection with Mycobacterium chelonei in a haemodialysis patient

Azadian, B S; Beck, Ann; Curtis, J. R.; Cherrington, L.E.; Gower, P. E.; Phillips, M. E.; Eastwood, J. B.; Nicholls, John C.

doi:10.1016/s0041-3879(81)80009-8

Cited by 38 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…These organisms are now clearly recognized as significant pathogens in a variety of clinical disorders (29). In particular, M. fortuitum, M. chelonae, and M. chelonae-like organisms have been associated with episodes of septicemia and peritonitis in hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis patients (3,4,7,22,25,26).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of nontuberculous mycobacteria in water supplies of hemodialysis centers

Carson

Bland

Cusick

et al. 1988

Appl Environ Microbiol

118

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Infection of hemodialysis patients with nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) has been associated with water used in reprocessing hemodialyzers. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of NTM and other bacteria in water samples collected over a 13-week period from 115 randomly selected dialysis centers in the United States. Total viable counts were determined by membrane filter assays; increased recovery of NTM was obtained by dosing a portion of each water sample with 1% formaldehyde (HCHO) before filtering. NTM were widely distributed and occurred with a high frequency in water supplies in dialysis centers. NTM were detected in water from 95 centers (83%), and 50% of all samples examined contained NTM. The results of this study support recommendations to use 4% HCHO or a chemical germicidal equivalent for disinfecting dialyzers that are to be reused.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of nontuberculous mycobacteria in water supplies of hemodialysis centers

Carson

Bland

Cusick

et al. 1988

Appl Environ Microbiol

118

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“…These NTM are ubiquitous organisms, living in soil, water, and dust. Infections with these organisms, in particular group IV (the rapidly growing mycobacteria, including Mycobacterium fortuitum and chelonae ) have been reported in patients on PD, causing exit site infections and peritonitis (61–69), and more rarely, in HD patients (70–75). These infections are often, but not always, due to contaminated water or dialysis fluid, or in cases of HD, by infected dialyzers (72,76).…”

Section: Infections By Nontuberculous Mycobacteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Tuberculosis and Chronic Renal Disease

Hussein

Mooij

Roujouleh

2003

Seminars in Dialysis

181

164

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There is an increased risk (6.9- to 52.5-fold) of tuberculosis (TB) in patients with chronic renal failure and on dialysis as compared to the general population. The symptomatology in renal patients is often insidious and nonspecific, mimicking uremic symptoms, whereas the localization is often extrapulmonary (most frequently tuberculous lymphadenitis and peritonitis). Tuberculous peritonitis makes up a large part (37%) of the total number of TB cases in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients. The prognosis is very much dependent on early diagnosis and treatment. Renal physicians should be aware of the unusual presentation and localization, and include TB in the differential diagnosis of any patient having nonspecific symptoms like anorexia, fever, and weight loss. All efforts should then be made (including invasive investigations) to reach an early diagnosis, a major determinant of the outcome. However, if this is not possible or the result is negative and the diagnosis remains strongly suspected, an empirical trial with anti-TB medication is justified, especially in endemic areas. In view of the increased prevalence of the disease in the dialysis population, TB prophylaxis is recommended in those patients with a positive tuberculin (Mantoux) skin test and radiographs suggestive of old TB.

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“…Isoniazid prophylaxis should also be considered for recipients of allografts from donors with a history of tuberculosis or a positive tuberculin test (400). (1,26,62,73,124,126,130,139,204,209,223,230,239,285,293,358,359,362,400,405,450,467,469,478,486,506,522,577,587,599,634,659,688,704,715,717,740,745,746,753,779,781).…”

Section: Mycobacterium Tuberculosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast to tuberculosis, personto-person transmission of nontuberculous mycobacterial infections is not thought to occur, although the appearance of two cases of M. haemophilum infection in a renal dialysis unit raised a question of contamination or person-to-person spread (230). M. chelonae has been isolated from the water softener resin of a renal dialysis unit, which is a potential source of infection (26). A question of a bovine graft as a possible source of M. kansasii infection has been raised; this organism is found in milk and other dairy products (659).…”

Section: Mycobacterium Tuberculosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Infections in solid-organ transplant recipients

1997

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Solid-organ transplantation is a therapeutic option for many human diseases. Infections are a major complication of solid-organ transplantation. All candidates should undergo a thorough infectious-disease screening prior to transplantation. There are three time frames, influenced by surgical factors, the level of immunosuppression, and environmental exposures, during which infections of specific types most frequently occur posttransplantation. Most infections during the first month are related to surgical complications. Opportunistic infections typically occur from the second to the sixth month. During the late posttransplant period (beyond 6 months), transplantation recipients suffer from the same infections seen in the general community. Opportunistic bacterial infections seen in transplant recipients include those caused by Legionella spp., Nocardia spp., Salmonella spp., and Listeria monocytogenes. Cytomegalovirus is the most common cause of viral infections. Herpes simplex virus, varicella-zoster virus, Epstein-Barr virus and others are also significant pathogens. Fungal infections, caused by both yeasts and mycelial fungi, are associated with the highest mortality rates. Mycobacterial, pneumocystis, and parasitic diseases may also occur.

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Disseminated infection with Mycobacterium chelonei in a haemodialysis patient

Cited by 38 publications

References 6 publications

Prevalence of nontuberculous mycobacteria in water supplies of hemodialysis centers

Prevalence of nontuberculous mycobacteria in water supplies of hemodialysis centers

Tuberculosis and Chronic Renal Disease

Infections in solid-organ transplant recipients

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