Dissemination of Candida auris to deep organs in neonatal murine invasive candidiasis

Flores-Maldonado, Orlando; González, Gloria M.; Andrade, Ángel; Montoya, Alexandra M.; Treviño-Rangel, Rogelio de J.; Silva-Sánchez, Aarón; Becerril-García, Miguel A.

doi:10.1016/j.micpath.2021.105285

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Information about experimental models of diffuse C. auris infection in adult mice have been reported. In these models, adult mice were intravenously infected with C. auris , revealing that the tissues with the highest fungal burden and invasion during the infection were the kidneys and the heart [ 65 , 66 ], as opposed to the experimental model of neonatal candidiasis conducted by Flores-Maldonado et al [ 19 ], who realized that the liver and the brain of animal neonates were the tissues with the highest fungal burden and invasion during infection, indicating that the spread of the fungus during infection is different between neonates and adults. Therefore, there is great need to understand the pathogenesis of C. auris infection during the neonatal period and the characteristics of the interaction between C. auris and neonates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These findings are in accordance with information derived from studies on adult patients as well as with a recent systematic analysis conducted by Ashkenazi-Hoffnung and Rosenberg Danziger [ 60 ] which provides data on C. auris infection with a focus on children. According to the experimental model of Flores-Maldonado et al [ 19 ], the spleen, kidneys, and lungs were the tissues of the mouse with the lowest colonization, while the liver showed the highest fungal invasion in the early stages of the infection and was associated with the presence of cellular infiltration. In contrast, the brain was the most susceptible tissue to invasion from C. auris, and the invasion persisted until the advanced stages of the infection, findings that were not confirmed by our systematic review.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, it is mandatory to apply strict strategic measures, in order to avoid the grave combination that enables transmissions in these emerging contagious threats. Recently, cases of C. auris candidemia have been reported in pediatric patients with COVID-19 [ 16 , 19 ]. The high incidence of C. auris candidemia as well as other multi-drug-resistant bacteremia reported during the COVID-19 pandemic could also be attributed to the reckless use of wide-spectrum antibiotics and prolonged hospitalization [ 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are various international guidelines on the management, therapy, and prevention of invasive candidiasis in neonatal patients, most of which are based on what is known about neonatal C. albicans and C. parapsilosis infections [ 27 , 28 , 29 ]. However, immune responses, clinical course, and the outcome of invasive candidiasis, in combination with antifungal prescription guidelines vary among Candida species [ 19 , 30 , 31 ]. Furthermore, there is limited information about the clinical course of systemic C. auris infection and its spread, which undermines the sufficient prevention and management of fungemia in neonatal patients [ 32 , 33 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Candida auris Infection, a Rapidly Emerging Threat in the Neonatal Intensive Care Units: A Systematic Review

Sokou,

Palioura,

Kopanou Taliaka

et al. 2024

JCM

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(1) Background: In recent years, a global epidemiological shift in candidemia has been observed, marked by the emergence of resistant non-albicans Candida species. Candida auris, in particular, has become a significant global concern, causing infections in both pediatric and adult populations within healthcare settings. Despite its widespread impact, there is a limited understanding of the clinical course and transmission dynamics of neonatal systemic Candida auris infections, hindering effective prevention and management. This study focused on the epidemiologic data, the clinical presentation, risk factors, and outcome of C. auris infection in neonatal population. (2) Methods: A systematic review of the literature using PubMed and Scopus databases until December 2023 was conducted. (3) Results: A total of 24 relevant studies were identified, encompassing 476 documented cases of Candida auris infection in neonates. Prematurity emerged as a primary risk factor, alongside total parenteral nutrition, central line insertion, mechanical ventilation, and prior broad-spectrum antibiotic use. The mortality rate reached approximately 42%, with therapeutic details sparingly reported in 12% of cases. Treatment strategies varied, with amphotericin B predominantly used as monotherapy, while combination antifungal agents were used in 44% of cases. Notably, 97.4% of cases exhibited fluconazole resistance, and 67.1% showed resistance to amphotericin B. Limited data were available on resistance to other antifungal agents. (4) Conclusions: Despite the rarity of neonatal Candida auris infections, their global occurrence necessitates comprehensive preparedness in patient care. A deeper understanding of Candida auris pathogenesis is crucial for developing effective strategies to control and prevent neonatal infections caused by this pathogen.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Candida auris Infection, a Rapidly Emerging Threat in the Neonatal Intensive Care Units: A Systematic Review

Sokou,

Palioura,

Kopanou Taliaka

et al. 2024

JCM

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“…In comparison to adults, the incidence of invasive candidiasis is even higher in children, with the highest risk in neonates. Miguel's group recently developed a neonatal mouse model of C. auris disseminated infection, in which C. auris dissemination was evaluated by fungal burden and histopathological analysis of spleen, kidney liver and brains at different time frames [25]. Their data showed that among all targeted organs neonatal liver and brain suffer the worst damage and being the most susceptible tissues to C. auris dissemination.…”

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confidence: 99%

Commentary: Experimental Mouse Models of Invasive Candidiasis Caused by Candida auris and Other Medically Important Candida Species

2022

Journal of Cellular Immunology

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Disseminated candidiasis is the leading cause of lifethreatening fungal infections in humans. This is especially the case in immunocompromised individuals, and in hospitalized patients including intensive care unit patients. Despite the availability of modern antifungal therapy, unacceptably high mortality remained same in the last decade [1][2][3][4]. The infection is caused by multiple species of the fungal genus Candida with C. albicans being the most common, together with C. tropicalis, C. glabrata and C. parapsilosis, causing >95% disseminated candidiasis in humans. Of particular concern, the so called "superbug" C. auris is a multidrug resistant (MDR), health careassociated super spreading fungal pathogen, and has recently emerged as the first fungal pathogen to cause a global public health threat [5].A/J mice are naturally deficient in complement protein C5 and its cleaved product C5a, anaphylatoxin and a pro-inflammatory chemoattractant important for anti-Candida protection [6][7][8]. This renders A/J mice highly susceptible to C. auris disseminated infection without the need for immunosuppressive drugs [9]. Using this invasive candidiasis model, we recently reported three mAbs that provided significant protection against C. auris systemic infection as evidenced by prolonged survival and significantly reduced fungal burdens in the targeted organs as compared to control mice [10]. Overall, our prior studies demonstrate the efficacy of passive transfer with protective mAbs as a novel therapeutics against MDR C. auris. Singh et al. also reported that NDV-3A vaccination protected immunosuppressed ICR mice, rendered neutropenic by a combined treatment of cyclophosphamide and cortisone acetate, from lethal C. auris disseminated infection [11]. To fight C. auris invasive infections, there is an urgent demand to test new therapy methods, drugs, and tools. Recently, therapies focused on the synergism

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Vertebrate and invertebrate animal infection models of Candida auris pathogenicity

Martinez,

Garsin,

Lorenz

2024

Current Opinion in Microbiology

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Dissemination of Candida auris to deep organs in neonatal murine invasive candidiasis

Cited by 4 publications

References 42 publications

Candida auris Infection, a Rapidly Emerging Threat in the Neonatal Intensive Care Units: A Systematic Review

Candida auris Infection, a Rapidly Emerging Threat in the Neonatal Intensive Care Units: A Systematic Review

Commentary: Experimental Mouse Models of Invasive Candidiasis Caused by Candida auris and Other Medically Important Candida Species

Vertebrate and invertebrate animal infection models of Candida auris pathogenicity

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