Dissimilar plasmids isolated from Pseudomonas diminuta MG and a Flavobacterium sp. (ATCC 27551) contain identical opd genes

Harper, Logan; McDaniel, C S; Miller, Charles E.; Wild, James R.

doi:10.1128/aem.54.10.2586-2589.1988

Cited by 123 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Identical genes have previously been found in different organisms. Harper et al (1988) discovered that dissimilar plasmids in Pseudomonas diminuta MG and Flavobacterium sp. strain ATCC 27551 (Harper et al 1988) encoded the odg (organophosphate-degrading) gene.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PCP degradation is mediated by closely related strains of the genus Sphingomonas

et al. 1997

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There have been numerous reports in the literature of diverse bacteria capable of degrading pentachlorophenol (PCP). In order to gain further insight into the phylogenetic relationships of PCP-degrading bacteria, we examined four strains: Arthrobacter sp. strain ATCC 33790, Flavobacterium sp. strain ATCC 39723, Pseudomonas sp. strain SR3, and Sphingomonas sp. strain RA2. These organisms were isolated from different geographical locations and all of them degrade high concentrations (100-200 mg/L) of PCP. Southern blot analyses determined that these bacteria all harbour DNA that encodes similar, if not identical, genes involved in PCP degradation. Comparison of the 16S rRNA nucleotide sequences revealed that these organisms were very closely related and, in fact, represent a monophyletic group. The 16S rRNA analyses together with fatty acid and sphingolipid analyses strongly suggest that the four strains are members of the genus Sphingomonas. The close relationship of the four organisms is supported by nucleotide sequence analysis data of the pcpB locus encoding PCP-4-monooxygenase, the first enzyme in the PCP degradative pathway.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PCP degradation is mediated by closely related strains of the genus Sphingomonas

et al. 1997

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“…This finding of homologous genes on two non-homologous plasmids from two phylogenetically and temporally different bacteria isolated from different geographical regions suggests that the gene may be FEMS Microbiol Rev 30 (2006) 428-471 c a mobile genetic element or transposon . Sequencing of the opd gene proved that the gene from both bacteria had identical sequences (Harper et al, 1988). Later, the nucleotide sequence of the opd gene from P. diminuta was determined and a single open read frame located (Serder et al, 1989).…”

Section: Genetic Basis Of Organophosphorus Degradationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial degradation of organophosphorus compounds

Singh¹,

Walker²

2006

FEMS Microbiol Rev

985

524

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Synthetic organophosphorus compounds are used as pesticides, plasticizers, air fuel ingredients and chemical warfare agents. Organophosphorus compounds are the most widely used insecticides, accounting for an estimated 34% of world-wide insecticide sales. Contamination of soil from pesticides as a result of their bulk handling at the farmyard or following application in the field or accidental release may lead occasionally to contamination of surface and ground water. Several reports suggest that a wide range of water and terrestrial ecosystems may be contaminated with organophosphorus compounds. These compounds possess high mammalian toxicity and it is therefore essential to remove them from the environments. In addition, about 200,000 metric tons of nerve (chemical warfare) agents have to be destroyed world-wide under Chemical Weapons Convention (1993). Bioremediation can offer an efficient and cheap option for decontamination of polluted ecosystems and destruction of nerve agents. The first micro-organism that could degrade organophosphorus compounds was isolated in 1973 and identified as Flavobacterium sp. Since then several bacterial and a few fungal species have been isolated which can degrade a wide range of organophosphorus compounds in liquid cultures and soil systems. The biochemistry of organophosphorus compound degradation by most of the bacteria seems to be identical, in which a structurally similar enzyme called organophosphate hydrolase or phosphotriesterase catalyzes the first step of the degradation. organophosphate hydrolase encoding gene opd (organophosphate degrading) gene has been isolated from geographically different regions and taxonomically different species. This gene has been sequenced, cloned in different organisms, and altered for better activity and stability. Recently, genes with similar function but different sequences have also been isolated and characterized. Engineered microorganisms have been tested for their ability to degrade different organophosphorus pollutants, including nerve agents. In this article, we review and propose pathways for degradation of some organophosphorus compounds by microorganisms. Isolation, characterization, utilization and manipulation of the major detoxifying enzymes and the molecular basis of degradation are discussed. The major achievements and technological advancements towards bioremediation of organophosphorus compounds, limitations of available technologies and future challenge are also discussed.

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“…ATCC 27551 have both been shown to be encoded on large plasmids, pCMS1 (51 kb) and pPDL2 (39 kb) (also called pSM55; 43 kb [64]), respectively [61,62]. The two opd (organophosphate degradation) genes have been cloned and sequenced [61,62,65], and proved to be 100% identical [64], although restriction mapping confirmed that the plasmids carrying them differed extensively [64]. Both of these enzymes are produced constitutively, and have usually been purified from nutrient broth cultures grown without addition of phosphotriesters as inducers.…”

Section: Phosphorothionate Insecticidesparathion and Malathionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial metabolism of sulfurand phosphorus-containing xenobiotics

Kertesz

Cook

Leisinger

1994

FEMS Microbiology Reviews

121

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Abstract:The enzymes involved in the microbial metabolism of many important phosphorus-or sulfur-containing xenobiotics, including organophosphate insecticides and precursors to organosulfate and organosulfonate detergents and dyestuffs have been characterized. In several instances their genes have been cloned and analysed. For phosphonate xenobiotics, the enzyme system responsible for the cleavage of the carbon-phosphorus bond has not yet been observed in vilro, though much is understood on a genetic level about phosphonate degradation. Phosphonate metabolism is regulated as part of the Pho regulon, under phosphate starvation control. For organophosphorothionate pesticides the situation is not so clear, and the mode of regulation appears to depend on whether the compounds are utilized to provide phosphorus, carbon or sulfur for cell growth. The same is true for organosulfonate metabolism, where different (and differently regulated) enzymatic pathways are involved in the utilization of sulfonates as carbon and as sulfur sources, respectively. Observations at the protein level in a number of bacteria suggest that a regulatory system is present which responds to sulfate limitation and controls the synthesis of proteins involved in providing sulfur to the cell and which may reveal analogies between the regulation of phosphorus and sulfur metabolism.

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Dissimilar plasmids isolated from Pseudomonas diminuta MG and a Flavobacterium sp. (ATCC 27551) contain identical opd genes

Cited by 123 publications

References 14 publications

PCP degradation is mediated by closely related strains of the genus Sphingomonas

PCP degradation is mediated by closely related strains of the genus Sphingomonas

Microbial degradation of organophosphorus compounds

Microbial metabolism of sulfurand phosphorus-containing xenobiotics

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