Dissimilar responses of fungal and bacterial communities to soil transplantation simulating abrupt climate changes

Abstract

Both fungi and bacteria play essential roles in regulating soil carbon cycling. To predict future carbon stability, it is imperative to understand their responses to environmental changes, which is subject to large uncertainty. As current global warming is causing range shifts toward higher latitudes, we conducted three reciprocal soil transplantation experiments over large transects in 2005 to simulate abrupt climate changes. Six years after soil transplantation, fungal biomass of transplanted soils showed a general pattern of changes from donor sites to destination, which were more obvious in bare fallow soils than in maize cropped soils. Strikingly, fungal community compositions were clustered by sites, demonstrating that fungi of transplanted soils acclimatized to the destination environment. Several fungal taxa displayed sharp changes in relative abundance, including Podospora, Chaetomium, Mortierella and Phialemonium. In contrast, bacterial communities remained largely unchanged. Consistent with the important role of fungi in affecting soil carbon cycling, 8.1%–10.0% of fungal genes encoding carbon‐decomposing enzymes were significantly (p < 0.01) increased as compared with those from bacteria (5.7%–8.4%). To explain these observations, we found that fungal occupancy across samples was mainly determined by annual average air temperature and rainfall, whereas bacterial occupancy was more closely related to soil conditions, which remained stable 6 years after soil transplantation. Together, these results demonstrate dissimilar response patterns and resource partitioning between fungi and bacteria, which may have considerable consequences for ecosystem‐scale carbon cycling.

Clary Sage Cultivation and Mycorrhizal Inoculation Influence the Rhizosphere Fungal Community of an Aged Trace-Element Polluted Soil

“…It should be noted that in comparison with the bacterial microbiota, where no significant effect of the inoculation was evidenced [43], a higher response of the fungal communities to exogenous mycorrhizal inoculation has been demonstrated in the present work. This goes along with previous studies, highlighting a more pronounced response of the fungal communities to both biotic and abiotic factors [17,85,86].…”

Optimal NPK Fertilizer Combination Increases Panax ginseng Yield and Quality and Affects Diversity and Structure of Rhizosphere Fungal Communities

“…Purpureocillium and Metacordyceps are important in insect and nematode control (Elsherbiny et al, 2021). Notably, copiotrophic fungi, such as Mortierella and Chaetomium, as an important link between plants and soil, can affect the material cycle and energy conversion process in the soil environment through fierce competition for carbon sources (Zhao et al, 2019). The change in their relative abundance, as a more intuitive manifestation of changes in soil biochemical components, often also marks the emergence of some soil problems, such as the lack of other microorganisms that are T2, N 1 P 2 K 2 ; T3, N 1 P 3 K 3 ; T4, N 2 P 1 K 2 ; T5, N 2 P 2 K 3 ; T6, N 2 P 3 K 1 ; T7, N 3 P 1 K 3 ; T8, N 3 P 2 K 1 ; T9, N 3 P 3 K 2 .…”

Long-Term Compost Amendment Spurs Cellulose Decomposition by Driving Shifts in Fungal Community Composition and Promoting Fungal Diversity and Phylogenetic Relatedness

“…Second, biological invasion from added organic fertilizers possibly filtered out some native soil microbial species, whose competitive advantage is low, through strengthened interspecific competition ( 13 ). These processes would lead to the extinction of some fungal species due to their poor adaptation to abrupt changes in environmental conditions and, accordingly, reduced fungal diversity ( 55 ). However, compost soil harbored higher fungal diversity than NPK and control soils ( Fig.…”