Dissipation of metham‐sodium from soil and its effect on the control of Orobanche aegyptiaca

Goldwasser, Yaakov; Kleifeld, Y.; Golan, S.; Bargutti, A.; Rubin, Baruch

doi:10.1111/j.1365-3180.1995.tb01641.x

Cited by 18 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Soil fumigation with methyl bromide has been proved one of the most effective methods to eradicate broomrape seed bank, but this chemical has been banned from use due to its toxic effects on the environment ( Joel, 2000 ; Hershenhorn et al, 2009 ). Use of other soil sterilants such as metham sodium, dazomet, and 1,3-dichloropropene have shown different degrees of efficacy but their high cost, complex application and negative environmental effects have prevented their widespread use by farmers ( Foy et al, 1989 ; Goldwasser et al, 1995 ; Hershenhorn et al, 2009 ) or conducted to the withdrawal of authorization, at least in some countries.…”

Section: Control Strategies Targeting Underground Broomrape Stagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Broomrape Weeds. Underground Mechanisms of Parasitism and Associated Strategies for their Control: A Review

2016

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Broomrapes are plant-parasitic weeds which constitute one of the most difficult-to-control of all biotic constraints that affect crops in Mediterranean, central and eastern Europe, and Asia. Due to their physical and metabolic overlap with the crop, their underground parasitism, their achlorophyllous nature, and hardly destructible seed bank, broomrape weeds are usually not controlled by management strategies designed for non-parasitic weeds. Instead, broomrapes are in current state of intensification and spread due to lack of broomrape-specific control programs, unconscious introduction to new areas and may be decline of herbicide use and global warming to a lesser degree. We reviewed relevant facts about the biology and physiology of broomrape weeds and the major feasible control strategies. The points of vulnerability of some underground events, key for their parasitism such as crop-induced germination or haustorial development are reviewed as inhibition targets of the broomrape-crop association. Among the reviewed strategies are those aimed (1) to reduce broomrape seed bank viability, such as fumigation, herbigation, solarization and use of broomrape-specific pathogens; (2) diversion strategies to reduce the broomrape ability to timely detect the host such as those based on promotion of suicidal germination, on introduction of allelochemical interference, or on down-regulating host exudation of germination-inducing factors; (3) strategies to inhibit the capacity of the broomrape seedling to penetrate the crop and connect with the vascular system, such as biotic or abiotic inhibition of broomrape radicle growth and crop resistance to broomrape penetration either natural, genetically engineered or elicited by biotic- or abiotic-resistance-inducing agents; and (4) strategies acting once broomrape seedling has bridged its vascular system with that of the host, aimed to impede or to endure the parasitic sink such as those based on the delivery of herbicides via haustoria, use of resistant or tolerant varieties and implementation of cultural practices improving crop competitiveness.

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Section: Control Strategies Targeting Underground Broomrape Stagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Broomrape Weeds. Underground Mechanisms of Parasitism and Associated Strategies for their Control: A Review

2016

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“…The two main approaches for seedbank removal are fumigation and solarization. (e) Fumigation Fumigation with methyl bromide effectively controls Orobanche seeds in soil (Jacobsohn 1994;Goldwasser et al 1995;Warren 2005). Methyl bromide use is being phased out by international agreement to protect the global environment (McDonald 2002).…”

Section: (D) Seedbank Removalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conventional and biotechnological approaches for control of parasitic weeds

Aly

2007

In Vitro Cell.Dev.Biol.-Plant

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On a worldwide basis, parasitic weeds represent one of the most destructive and intractable problems to agricultural production in both developed and developing countries. About 20 families (3,000-5,000 species) of higher plants are parasitic on the plant kingdom and may cause production losses of 30-80% in staple food and industrial crops on every continent. Compared with the other weeds, parasitic weeds are difficult to control by conventional means because of their life style: Parasites are intimately involved with the host and have so much metabolic overlap with the host that differential treatments are very difficult to develop. In some cases, the parasites are closely associated to the host root, concealed underground, and undiagnosed until they irreversible damage the crop. Several different approaches (cultural, mechanical, chemical, use of resistant varieties, and biological) to control parasitic weeds are currently in use, but are only partially successful. Recent reviews have covered the physiology and interactions between parasitic plants and their hosts, taxonomy, and the biology and classical control of parasitic weeds. The current review will discuss why alternative methods are needed to control parasitic weeds and will summarize conventional and new biotechnologybased control measures against the major world pests Striga, Orobanche, Cuscuta, and mistletoes (Phoradendron and Viscum genera). Effectiveness, advantages and disadvantages, environment safety, and simplicity of these new biotechnological methods will be reviewed.

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“…The latter fumigant has been successfully used in the South Australia Branched Broomrape Eradication Program. These compounds can be effective in deeper soil layers but show more erratic results in the upper soil layer, due to their rapid evaporation (Goldwasser et al 1995). Control failures were also attributed to the build-up of microbial biodegradation in the soil.…”

Section: Soil Fumigation and Ethylenementioning

confidence: 99%