Dissociating the Role of the pre-SMA in Response Inhibition and Switching: A Combined Online and Offline TMS Approach

Obeso, Ignacio; Robles, Noemí; Marrón, Elena Muñoz; Redolar-Ripoll, Diego

doi:10.3389/fnhum.2013.00150

Cited by 108 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Amongst the various processes by which the pre-SMA is considered to exert top-down control [34][35][36][37], our results suggest a predominant role in reactive motor inhibition, without a significant contribution to conflict resolution (see next section for interpretation). Previous imaging evidence shows activation of the pre-SMA during performance of the go no-go [38,39], or stop signal tasks [3][4][5]7,9,21].…”

Section: Motor Inhibitionmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…In addition to inhibition, the pre-SMA has been implicated in several other cognitive control mechanisms, such as switching, updating or initiation of actions [8,[51][52][53][54]. It is not surprising that brain networks involved in inhibition, namely the pre-SMA and the STN, also operate during conflict resolution and switching, as shown previously [4,7], although other studies show greater anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) activity in conflict resolution [55,56].…”

Section: Conflict Resolutionmentioning

confidence: 88%

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Theta burst magnetic stimulation over the pre-supplementary motor area improves motor inhibition

et al. 2017

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Section: Motor Inhibitionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Section: Conflict Resolutionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Theta burst magnetic stimulation over the pre-supplementary motor area improves motor inhibition

et al. 2017

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“…Human lesion and temporal lesion studies using TMS provide converging evidence for the critical role of the rIFG in response inhibition, with response inhibition impaired in patients with lesions to the rIFG Aron, Monsell, Sahakian, & Robbins, 2004;Obeso, Robles, Marron, & Redolar-Ripoll, 2013;Zandbelt, Bloemendaal, Hoogendam, Kahn, & Vink, 2013). Furthermore, using repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) over rIFG but not left IFG has been shown to cause impairments in stopping but not going (Chambers et al, 2007), thus further supporting the rIFG's critical role in response inhibition.…”

Section: Neural Substrates Of Response Inhibitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Outside the PFC, TMS Floden & Stuss, 2006;Obeso, Cho, et al, 2013;Obeso, Robles, et al, 2013) and tDCS (Hsu et al, 2011) over pre-SMA has also been shown to disrupt inhibitory performance, while neuroimaging studies have found successful inhibition to be associated with activity in the pre-SMA Swann et al, 2012), STN (Alegre et al, 2013;Isoda & Hikosaka, 2008;Li, Yan, Sinha, & Lee, 2008), striatum (Watanabe & Munoz, 2011;Zandbelt & Vink, 2010), and globus pallidus pars interna .…”

Section: Neural Substrates Of Response Inhibitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Selecting and inhibiting responses: Common cognitive and neural substrates?

Bender¹

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Despite the brain receiving a constant influx of sensory information in ever-changing environments, humans are nonetheless able to flexibly guide their behaviour in accordance with higher goals and plans. The cognitive system achieves this by implementing executive control processes that monitor, regulate and alter the settings of lower level cognitive processes that are involved in analyzing incoming sensory information and executing motor plans. At the core of goal-directed behaviour are the abilities to select appropriate responses and inhibit planned actions in response to changes in the environment or internal states. While there have been considerable advancements made in understanding the behavioural and neural substrates of response selection and response inhibition, we currently know relatively little about the relationship and possible interplay between these two key cognitive operations. The experiments in this thesis investigate the behavioural and neural overlap in response selection and response inhibition processes by identifying the latent structure that underpins performance in a wide range of action control tasks, exploring the causal role of a brain region that has been implicated in both processes, and by inspecting the degree to which response selection training transfers to other response selection and inhibitory control tasks.Study 1 describes a behavioural study that employed an individual differences approach to investigate the underlying relationships across a battery of common response selection tasks (as measured by the psychological refractory period paradigm (PRP), single response selection task, and attentional blink (AB) task), and response inhibition tasks (as measured by the stop-signal task (SST), Go-Nogo tasks, Stroop, and Flanker task). In order to avoid task impurity and construct validity problems that can seriously undermine the utility of correlational and exploratory factor analytic studies, I used confirmatory factor analysis to statistically extract only what is common about the tasks.Using this approach, I found that response inhibition and response selection were separable, with SST and Go-Nogo task performance related to response inhibition, and the PRP, Stroop, Single Response Selection, and AB tasks related to response selection.These findings suggest that response selection and response inhibition reflect two distinct cognitive operations.As neurocognitive work has implicated the superior medial frontal cortex (SMFC) in both response selection and the proactive modulation of response tendencies when stopping is occasionally required (inhibitory response selection control), it suggests that the neural substrates for these two cognitive operations overlap in this brain region. In Response selection performance is typically compromised due to the processing limitations associated with cognitive control and decision-making when completing two tasks together relative to when completing the component tasks in isolation. While these multitasking performance decr...

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The dorsal medial frontal cortex mediates automatic motor inhibition in uncertain contexts: Evidence from combined fMRI and EEG studies

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Criaud

et al. 2014

Human Brain Mapping

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Response inhibition is commonly thought to rely on voluntary, reactive, selective, and relatively slow prefrontal mechanisms. In contrast, we suggest here that response inhibition is achieved automatically, nonselectively, within very short delays in uncertain environments. We modified a classical go/nogo protocol to probe context-dependent inhibitory mechanisms. Because no single neuroimaging method can definitely disentangle neural excitation and inhibition, we combined fMRI and EEG recordings in healthy humans. Any stimulus (go or nogo) presented in an uncertain context requiring action restraint was found to evoke activity changes in the supplementary motor complex (SMC) with respect to a control condition in which no response inhibition was required. These changes included: (1) An increase in event-related BOLD activity, (2) an attenuation of the early (170 ms) event related potential generated by a single, consistent source isolated by advanced blind source separation, and (3) an increase in the evoked-EEG Alpha power of this source. Considered together, these results suggest that the BOLD signal evoked by any stimulus in the SMC when the situation is unpredictable can be driven by automatic, nonselective, context-dependent inhibitory activities. This finding reveals the paradoxical mechanisms by which voluntary control of action may be achieved. The ability to provide controlled responses in unpredictable environments would require setting-up the automatic self-inhibitory circuitry within the SMC. Conversely, enabling automatic behavior when the environment becomes predictable would require top-down control to deactivate anticipatorily and temporarily the inhibitory set.

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Dissociating the Role of the pre-SMA in Response Inhibition and Switching: A Combined Online and Offline TMS Approach

Cited by 108 publications

References 56 publications

Theta burst magnetic stimulation over the pre-supplementary motor area improves motor inhibition

Theta burst magnetic stimulation over the pre-supplementary motor area improves motor inhibition

Selecting and inhibiting responses: Common cognitive and neural substrates?

The dorsal medial frontal cortex mediates automatic motor inhibition in uncertain contexts: Evidence from combined fMRI and EEG studies

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