Dissociation and Ionization of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mmultiscripts><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">H</mml:mi><mml:mn>2</mml:mn><mml:none /><mml:none /><mml:mo>+</mml:mo></mml:mmultiscripts></mml:math>by Ultrashort Intense Laser Pulses Probed by Coincidence 3D Momentum Imaging

Ben‐Itzhak, I.; Wang, Pengqian; Xia, Jiangfan; Sayler, A. M.; Smith, Mark A.; Carnes, K. D.; Esry, B. D.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.95.073002

Cited by 100 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The analysis of molecular dynamics is usually done through three observables: high-harmonic generation (HHG) [7,8], the kinetic energy release (KER) of the molecular target [9], and the photoelectron-kinetic energy spectrum (EKE) [10]. HHG occurs when the laser is strong enough to ionize the molecular (or atomic) target and drives the escaping electron so that the latter may eventually recombine with the ion, leading to the emission of high-energy photons, usually in the UV to XUV frequency range [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular resolvent-operator method: Electronic and nuclear dynamics in strong-field ionization

et al. 2014

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We present an extension of the resolvent-operator method (ROM), originally designed for atomic systems, to extract differential photoelectron spectra (in photoelectron-and nuclear-kinetic energy) for diatomic molecules interacting with strong, ultrashort laser fields in the single active electron approximation. The method is applied to the study of H 2 + photodissociation and photoionization by femtosecond laser pulses in the XUV-IR frequency range. In particular, the method is tested (i) in the perturbative regime, for few-photon absorption and bound-bound electronic transitions, and (ii) in the strong-field regime, in which multiphoton absorption and tunneling are present. In the latter case, we show how the differential ROM allows one to track the transition between both regimes. We also analyze isotopic effects by comparing the dynamics of H 2 + and D 2 + ionization for different pulses.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular resolvent-operator method: Electronic and nuclear dynamics in strong-field ionization

et al. 2014

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“…Experiments using 45 fs pulses showed KER-spectra in the range of 2-10 eV when the intensity exceeded 1.7×10 14 W/cm 2 [4,11,15]. At lower intensities the dissociation channel dominated completely and no Coulomb explosion was observed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The study of bond-stretching during the ionization process has been made possible by enhanced control over pulse duration [4,11] and through pump-probe techniques [12,13,14]. In Ref.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Strong-field approximation for Coulomb explosion ofH2+andD2+
Leth
¹
,
Madsen
²
,
McCann
³

2007
Phys. Rev. A
6
0
5
0
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We present a simple quantum mechanical model to describe Coulomb explosion of H + 2 by short, intense, infrared laser pulses. The model is based on the length gauge version of the molecular strongfield approximation and is valid for pulses shorter than 50 fs where the process of dissociation prior to ionization is negligible. The results are compared with recent experimental results for the proton energy spectrum [I. Ben-Itzhak et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 073002 (2005), B. D. Esry et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 013003 (2006)]. The predictions of the model reproduce the profile of the spectrum although the peak energy is slightly lower than the observations. For comparison, we also present results obtained by two different tunneling models for this process.

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“…So far most experimental studies of ionization of molecules by ultrashort pulses have made use of the Ti:sapphire laser at ∼800 nm central wavelength [83][84][85][86][87][88][89][90][91][92]. For this wavelength, ionization requires the absorption of many photons, which makes the process highly non perturbative even at relatively low intensities (e.g., 10 12 W/cm 2 ).…”

Section: Ionization Of H 2 By Ultrashort Vuv Laser Pulsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular ionization and dissociation using synchrotron radiation and ultrashort laser pulses

Martín¹

2007

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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Abstract. An overview of recent theoretical progress to accurately describe non dissociative and dissociative ionization of molecules exposed to synchrotron radiation and ultrashort uv/xuv laser pulses is presented. The success of recent theoretical approaches rely on their ability to account for both the electronic and nuclear degrees of freedom. This is essential to describe the delicate interplay between the electronic motion and the molecule's vibration, especially in those cases where ionization occurs in a time scale comparable to that of the vibrational motion. Some of the most successful applications and the new physics that has emerged by comparing with recent kinematically complete experiments on H2 and D2 will be discussed. IntroductionMolecular ionization is one of the most elementary processes that occurs in the upper atmosphere [1] and in interstellar molecular clouds [2]. Since in molecules the absorbed energy is shared between electronic and nuclear degrees of freedom, the remaining molecular ion can be left in an excited vibrational or dissociative state. This is at variance with atomic ionization where the energy is entirely absorbed by the electrons. In early pictures of molecular ionization, the nuclear motion was either ignored or described in terms of the Franck-Condon (FC) approximation, in which electronic processes occurring at the equilibrium position of the nuclei are weighted by the squared overlap between the initial and final vibrational states. With the advent of kinematically complete experiments [3,4], in which the momenta of all charged particles is determined, new phenomena with an intrinsic molecular origin have been discovered (see, e.g., [5][6][7][8][9][10][11]). Also the above pictures have been revealed to be incomplete. In this manuscript, the important role of nuclear dynamics in molecular ionization produced by synchrotron radiation and ultrashort pulses will be demonstrated by means of recent ab initio theoretical calculations that account for all electronic and vibrational degrees of freedom.In particular, recent results for electron angular distributions from fixed-in-space molecules will be analyzed and compared with kinematically complete photoionization experiments using synchrotron radiation. These include double and single photoionization of H 2 (D 2 ). The range of excess photon energies considered goes from a few to several hundreds of eV. Also, multiphoton ionization of molecules by vuv ultrashort pulses will be discussed. In particular, the new physics that can be expected by varying pulse duration and intensity will be analyzed.

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Dissociation and Ionization ofH2+by Ultrashort Intense Laser Pulses Probed by Coincidence 3D Momentum Imaging

Cited by 100 publications

References 22 publications

Molecular resolvent-operator method: Electronic and nuclear dynamics in strong-field ionization

Molecular resolvent-operator method: Electronic and nuclear dynamics in strong-field ionization

Strong-field approximation for Coulomb explosion ofH2+andD2+
Leth
¹
,
Madsen
²
,
McCann
³

2007
Phys. Rev. A
6
0
5
0
View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Molecular ionization and dissociation using synchrotron radiation and ultrashort laser pulses

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Dissociation and Ionization ofH2+by Ultrashort Intense Laser Pulses Probed by Coincidence 3D Momentum Imaging

Cited by 100 publications

References 22 publications

Molecular resolvent-operator method: Electronic and nuclear dynamics in strong-field ionization

Molecular resolvent-operator method: Electronic and nuclear dynamics in strong-field ionization

Strong-field approximation for Coulomb explosion ofH2+andD2+Leth1, Madsen2, McCann3 2007Phys. Rev. A6050View full textAdd to dashboardCite

Molecular ionization and dissociation using synchrotron radiation and ultrashort laser pulses

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Strong-field approximation for Coulomb explosion ofH2+andD2+
Leth
¹
,
Madsen
²
,
McCann
³

2007
Phys. Rev. A
6
0
5
0
View full text Add to dashboard Cite