Dissociation of Automatic and Strategic Lexical-Semantics: Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Evidence for Differing Roles of Multiple Frontotemporal Regions

Gold, Brian T.; Balota, David A.; Jones, Sara; Powell, David K.; Smith, Charles D.; Andersen, Anders H.

doi:10.1523/jneurosci.0808-06.2006

Cited by 277 publications

(287 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Many studies have found priming related decreases in the same regions as shown in our studies, however, some studies have shown semantic priming related increases in activity (e.g.. Rossell et al, 2003;Kotz et al, 2002). As was found in our study, the majority of semantic priming studies have found semantic priming related reductions in at least some portion of the middle temporal gyrus (Copeland et al, 2003;Giesbrecht et al, 2004;Rissman et al, 2003;Rossell et al, 2003;Kotz et al, 2002 andGold et al, 2006) and of the inferior frontal region (Copeland et al, 2003;Giesbrecht et al, 2004;Kotz et al, 2002;Matsumo et al, 2005;Wheatley et al, 2005). In fact, the one region that showed activity related to both long and short SOA priming in Gold et al, (a portion of the posterior middle temporal gyrus) was neuranatomically very close to the region showing correlations with thought disorder in the current study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…However, a number of other regions not found in the current study were also described to have shown priming effects in some studies. These include the superior temporal gyrus (Rissman et al, 2003;Kotz et al, 2002;Matsumo et al, 2005) and the posterior fusiform gyrus in studies using visual words (Wheatley et al, 2005;Gold et al, 2006). Schizophrenic subjects displayed less clear within-group activation reductions in response to word pair connectivity in left frontal and temporal regions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Functional neuroimaging of word priming in males with chronic schizophrenia

et al. 2007

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Word-priming studies have suggested that the associative disturbance of schizophrenia may reflect aberrant spread of activation through the lexicon of the brain. To explore this, we examined lexical activation using a semantic word-priming paradigm coupled with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). We also wanted to determine whether brain activation to this paradigm correlated with relevant clinical symptom measures. In addition to completing clinical symptom measures, twelve chronic patients and twelve demographically-matched control subjects completed a lexicaldecision semantic-priming paradigm developed as an event-related BOLD fMRI task. This paradigm consisted of words that differed in connectivity. Words with many connections between shared semantic associates are considered high in connectivity and produce the largest behavioral semantic priming effects in control subjects, while words with few connections between shared semantic associates are considered low in connectivity and produce a relatively smaller amount of semantic priming. In fMRI, a respective step-wise increase in activation from high connectivity to low connectivity to unrelated word pairs was expected for normal subjects. Controls showed the expected pattern of activation to word connectivity; however, patients showed a less robust pattern of activation to word connectivity. Furthermore, this aberrant response correlated with measures of Auditory Hallucinations, Distractive Speech, Illogicality, and Incoherence. The patients did not display left frontal and temporal activation as a function of the degree of word connectivity as seen in healthy controls. This may reflect a disease-related disturbance in functional connectivity of lexical activation, which in turn may be associated with clinical symptomatology.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional neuroimaging of word priming in males with chronic schizophrenia

et al. 2007

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“…fMRI data was analyzed with AFNI software (Cox, 1996) using a series of steps similar to those in Gold et al (2006). Preprocessing of the fMRI data included the following steps.…”

Section: Analysis Of Fmri Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-related slowing of task switching is associated with decreased integrity of frontoparietal white matter

Gold

Powell

Xuan

et al. 2010

Neurobiology of Aging

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A body of research has demonstrated age-related slowing on tasks that emphasize cognitive control, such as task switching. However, little is known about the neural mechanisms that contribute to this age-related slowing. To address this issue, the present study used both fMRI and DTI in combination with a standard task switching paradigm. Results from the fMRI experiment demonstrated task switching cost (switching vs. nonswitching) activations in a network of frontoparietal and striatal regions in the young group. The older group recruited a similar network of regions, but showed decreased spatial extent of activation and recruited several regions not activated in the young group. White matter (WM) ROIs bordering the cortical network showing task switching activation were then selected to explore potential relationships between task switching reaction time (RT) cost and fractional anisotropy (FA) in the same groups of participants. Results demonstrated a negative correlation between switch cost RT and FA in left frontoparietal WM in both young and older groups. In addition, age-related FA decline in the same frontoparietal WM region was found to mediate agerelated increases in RT switch costs. These findings identify decreased integrity of frontoparietal WM as one mechanism contributing to age-related increases in RT switch costs.

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“…The directions were (x, y, z) = (0, 0, 0), (1, 1, 0), (1, -1, 0), (1, 0, 1), (1, 0, -1), (0, 1, 1), (0, 1, -1), where 1 indicates a gradient applied in that direction (Basser and Pierpaoli, 1996). During the same scanning session, participants also took part in a separate fMRI experiment (in which four gradient-echo EPI runs were also acquired) as part of a primed lexical decision study that has been reported elsewhere (Gold et al, 2006).…”

Section: Mri Acquisitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Speed of lexical decision correlates with diffusion anisotropy in left parietal and frontal white matter: Evidence from diffusion tensor imaging

et al. 2007

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Speed of visual word recognition is an important variable affecting linguistic competence. Although speed of visual word recognition varies widely between individuals, the neural basis of reaction time (RT) differences is poorly understood. Recently, a magnetic resonance technique called diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) has been shown to provide information about white matter (WM) microstructure in vivo. Here, we used DTI to explore whether visual word recognition RT correlates with regional fractional anisotropy (FA) values in the WM of healthy young adults. Participants completed a speeded lexical decision task that involved visual input, linguistic processes, and a motor response output. Results indicated that lexical decision RT was correlated negatively with FA in WM of inferior parietal and frontal language regions rather than in WM of visual or motor regions. Voxels within the inferior parietal and frontal correlation clusters were composed primarily of DTI-based tracts oriented in the anterior-posterior orientation at or near the superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF) and likely including other smaller association fibers. These results provide new microstructural evidence demonstrating that speed of lexical decision is associated with the degree to which portions of frontal and parietal WM are directionally oriented.

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Dissociation of Automatic and Strategic Lexical-Semantics: Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Evidence for Differing Roles of Multiple Frontotemporal Regions

Cited by 277 publications

References 62 publications

Functional neuroimaging of word priming in males with chronic schizophrenia

Functional neuroimaging of word priming in males with chronic schizophrenia

Age-related slowing of task switching is associated with decreased integrity of frontoparietal white matter

Speed of lexical decision correlates with diffusion anisotropy in left parietal and frontal white matter: Evidence from diffusion tensor imaging

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