Dissociative features in posttraumatic stress disorder: A latent profile analysis.

Műllerová, Jana; Hansen, Maj; Contractor, Ateka A.; Elhai, Jon D.; Armour, Chérie

doi:10.1037/tra0000148

Cited by 32 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Moreover, distinct sub-groups of DD patients with and without PTSD are also reflected in the specification of a dissociative subtype of PTSD in DSM-5 [56]. The results have important clinical implications: Adopting a context of linking dissociative and trauma-related disorders asks to consider a broad range of dissociative symptoms, not only psychoform derealization or depersonalization phenomena but also somatoform dissociative symptoms [14, 20, 21, 57]. Present results further direct attention to individual maltreatment and coping/learning history to be considered in diagnostics and treatment: While the number of traumatic events may determine the severity of distress, the individual coping history with adversities and traumata may modulate, how symptoms develop and accentuate in patients diagnosed with DD, and potentially overlap with those of individuals diagnosed with PTSD.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Somatoform dissociation and posttraumatic stress syndrome – two sides of the same medal? A comparison of symptom profiles, trauma history and altered affect regulation between patients with functional neurological symptoms and patients with PTSD

et al. 2017

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BackgroundHistory of traumatic experience is common in dissociative disorder (DD), and similarity of symptoms and characteristics between DD and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) encouraged to consider DD as trauma-related disorder. However, conceptualization of DD as a trauma-related syndrome would critically affect diagnosis and treatment strategies. The present study addressed overlap and disparity of DD and PTSD by directly comparing correspondence of symptoms, adverse/traumatic experience, and altered affect regulation between patients diagnosed with dissociative disorder (characterized by negative functional neurological symptoms) and patients diagnosed with PTSD.MethodsSomatoform and psychoform dissociation, symptoms of posttraumatic stress, general childhood adversities and lifetime traumata, and alexithymia as index of altered affect regulation were screened with standardized questionnaires and semi-structured interviews in 60 patients with DD (ICD-codes F44.4, F44.6, F44.7), 39 patients with PTSD (ICD-code F43.1), and 40 healthy comparison participants (HC).ResultsDD and PTSD patients scored higher than HC on somatoform and psychoform dissociative symptom scales and alexithymia, and reported more childhood adversities and higher trauma load. PTSD patients reported higher symptom severity and more traumata than DD patients. Those 20 DD patients who met criteria of co-occuring PTSD did not differ from PTSD patients in the amount of reported symptoms of somatoform dissociation, physical and emotional childhood adversities and lifetime traumata, while emotional neglect/abuse in childhood distinguished DD patients with and without co-occuring PTSD (DD patients with co-occuring PTSD reporting more emotional maltreatment).ConclusionThe pattern of distinctive somatoform and psychoform dissociative symptom severity, type of childhood and lifetime traumata, and amount of alexithymia suggests that DD and PTSD are distinctive syndromes and, therefore, challenges the conceptualization of DD as trauma-related disorder. Together with the detected close correspondence of symptom and experience profiles in DD patients with co-occuring PTSD and PTSD patients, these findings suggest that adverse/traumatic experience may intensify dissociative symptoms, but are not a necessary condition in the generation of functional neurological symptoms. Still, diagnosis and treatment of DD need to consider this impact of traumata and post-traumatic stress symptoms.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Somatoform dissociation and posttraumatic stress syndrome – two sides of the same medal? A comparison of symptom profiles, trauma history and altered affect regulation between patients with functional neurological symptoms and patients with PTSD

et al. 2017

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“…Two studies conducted by Wolf et al 2015and Műllerová, Hansen, Contractor, Elhai, and Armour (2016) used a different analytical approach when conducting the LPA. Prior to the analysis, Wolf et al 2015created mean scores for three domains of dissociation (depersonalization/derealization, loss of awareness, and psychogenic amnesia) and used these as indicators in the LPA.…”

Section: 2measurement Of Dissociationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The endorsements of psychogenic amnesia were not significantly different between the two groups. Műllerová et al (2016) also created mean scores for their four domains of dissociation (depersonalization/derealization, gaps in awareness and memory, sensory misperceptions, and cognitive and behavioural re-experiencing) prior to conducting the LPA.…”

Section: 2measurement Of Dissociationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence of the dissociative PTSD subtype: A systematic literature review of latent class and profile analytic studies of PTSD

Hansen

Ross

Armour

2017

Journal of Affective Disorders

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132

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“…Hansen et al, 2017) and not just the studies assessing dissociation more broadly (cf. Müllerová, Hansen, Contractor, Elhai, & Armour, 2016;Wolf et al, 2015). Thus, Hansen et al (2017) review concludes that assessing dissociative symptoms more broadly than depersonalization and de-realization do not add to the understanding of D-PTSD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the existence of dissociative PTSD in sub-acute patients of whiplash

Hansen

Armour²,

Andersen

2018

Journal of Trauma & Dissociation

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Numerous studies investigating dissociative posttraumatic stress disorder (D-PTSD) have emerged. However, there is a lack of studies investigating D-PTSD following a wider range of traumatic exposure. Thus, the present study investigates D-PTSD using latent class analysis (LCA) in sub-acute patients of whiplash and associated risk factors. The results of LCA showed a three-class solution primarily distributed according to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom severity and thus no indication of D-PTSD. Dissociative symptoms, psychological distress (i.e. anxiety/depression), and pain severity significantly predicted PTSD severity. Combined, the results support the component model of dissociation and PTSD, while still stressing the importance of dissociative symptoms when planning treatment for PTSD.

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Dissociative features in posttraumatic stress disorder: A latent profile analysis.

Abstract: The study points to the importance of alternative symptoms of dissociation in the dissociative PTSD subtype beyond the symptoms of depersonalization and derealization. (PsycINFO Database Record

Cited by 32 publications

References 38 publications

Somatoform dissociation and posttraumatic stress syndrome – two sides of the same medal? A comparison of symptom profiles, trauma history and altered affect regulation between patients with functional neurological symptoms and patients with PTSD

Somatoform dissociation and posttraumatic stress syndrome – two sides of the same medal? A comparison of symptom profiles, trauma history and altered affect regulation between patients with functional neurological symptoms and patients with PTSD

Evidence of the dissociative PTSD subtype: A systematic literature review of latent class and profile analytic studies of PTSD

Assessing the existence of dissociative PTSD in sub-acute patients of whiplash

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