Dissolution of SiO2 Inclusions in CaO-SiO2-Based Slags In Situ Observed Using High-Temperature Confocal Scanning Laser Microscopy

Ren, Ying; Zhu, Peizhi; Ren, Changyu; Liu, Nan; Zhang, Lifeng

doi:10.1007/s11663-021-02401-5

Cited by 14 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…It was reported that the dissolution rate of inclusions in the refining slag was proportional to the ratio of the driving force of concentration difference (

Δ C

) and the slag viscosity ( η ). [ 5,7,26,27 ] Thus, it was inferred that the inclusions removal rate factor of k i was related to the ratio of

Δ C / η

. The relationship between the k i and the ratio of

Δ C / η

.…”

Section: The Removal Rate Of Inclusions By the Refining Slag Absorptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of CaF₂ Contents in Slag on Inclusion Absorption in a Bearing Steel

Wen

Ren

Zhang

2022

steel research int.

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In the current study, laboratory experiments of the slag‐steel reaction are performed to investigate the effect of CaF2 contents in the refining slag on the inclusion absorption of the bearing steel. The increase of the CaO/Al2O3 ratio effectively enhances the absorption of inclusions by slag. The increase of the CaO/Al2O3 ratio enhances the driving force of the inclusion dissolution and lowers the slag viscosity. It is noted that the excessive CaO/Al2O3 ratio led to the formation of solid phases in the slag, lowering the absorption effect of slag. The appropriate addition of CaF2 in the slag is helpful to remove inclusions while aggravating the corrosion of MgO crucibles. The addition of CaF2 mainly reduces the viscosity and melting temperature of slag. The inclusion removal factor is proposed to effectively evaluate the inclusion removal rate in steel during slag steel reaction. As a result, the most recommended composition of slags is 7% CaF2; the CaO/Al2O3 ratio is 2.0.

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“…It was reported that the dissolution rate of inclusions in the refining slag was proportional to the ratio of the driving force of concentration difference (

Δ C

) and the slag viscosity ( η ). [ 5,7,26,27 ] Thus, it was inferred that the inclusions removal rate factor of k i was related to the ratio of

Δ C / η

. The relationship between the k i and the ratio of

Δ C / η

.…”

Section: The Removal Rate Of Inclusions By the Refining Slag Absorptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of CaF₂ Contents in Slag on Inclusion Absorption in a Bearing Steel

Wen

Ren

Zhang

2022

steel research int.

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“…[ 6,7 ] The generated spinel inclusions can be removed from the slag through various processes such as ladle, tundish, and mold. [ 8,9 ] Among recent studies have been studied to remove inclusions into slags, [ 10–13 ] they have few papers about the dissolution of MgAl 2 O 4 inclusion. In particular, it is important to dissolve inclusions into mold slag because the mold is the last removal process before casting.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissolution Behavior of MgAl₂O₄ Spinel Inclusions in Mold Slag

Kim,

Chung

2024

steel research int.

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This study investigates the dissolution behavior of single crystal MgAl2O4 particle in CaO–SiO2–Al2O3–MgO–CaF2–Na2O slags using single hot thermocouple technique (SHTT) from 1550 to 1650 °C. MgAl2O4 contents of the slag are set at 5, 15, and 25 wt%, and the basicity (CaO/SiO2) of the slags is fixed at 0.9. Dissolution rate is determined by image analysis of the MgAl2O4 spinel size over time in the slag. In the experimental results, the dissolution rate increases as the temperature increases and as the contents of MgAl2O4 in the slag decreases. During the dissolution, the cube or trapezoid cube shaped MgAl2O4 particles change into a truncated cube, a cube with rounded corners and a sphere. The shrinking core model is modified into a volume ratio and found that the MgAl2O4 dissolution kinetic varies with the slag chemical composition. At high temperature, it appears to be chemical controlled. The dissolution firstly occurs at the corners and edges of the cube particle which can be understood by the Gibbs–Thomson equation. The activation energies of MgAl2O4 dissolution are 205 kJ mol−1 at 5 wt% MgAl2O4, 181 kJ mol−1 at 15 wt% MgAl2O4 and 594 kJ mol−1 at 25 wt% MgAl2O4. The activation energy calculated should be started as similar to other inclusions of Al2O3 and MgO.

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“…The calcium treatment was widely used for the Al-killed steel to modify solid Al 2 O 3 inclusions to liquid ones and avoid the nozzle clogging [10][11][12][13] . The slag refining can effectively modify the inclusion composition [14][15][16] and absorb inclusions in the slag [17][18][19] . The argon bubbling [20][21][22] and vacuum treatment [23][24][25] during the refining process promoted the removal of inclusions from steel to slag.…”

Section: і Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deformation of Non-metallic Inclusions in Steel during Rolling Process: A Review

2022

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Non-metallic inclusions were deformed and broken during hot and cold rolling processes. The deformation of inclusions during the rolling process had an influence on the property of steel products.Investigations on the deformation of inclusions in steel was reviewed in the current study. Physical properties of inclusions were summarized and compared, such as the melting temperature, viscosity, Young's modulus, hardness, thermal expansion coefficient, crystallization, and Poisson's ratio. The deformability index of inclusions showed a decreasing tendency with a higher rolling reduction.During the hot rolling process, the deformability index of oxide inclusions was mainly related to the melting temperature and viscosity of inclusions. With the increase of the rolling temperature, the deformability index of oxide inclusions showed an increasing tendency due to the higher liquid fraction and the lower viscosity of inclusions. During the hot rolling process, the deformability index of MnS inclusions increased with a decrease of the rolling temperature until reaching the austenite to ferrite matrix transformation temperature. During the cold rolling process, deformability index of oxide inclusions was mainly influenced by Young's modulus and hardness of inclusions. Inclusions with a lower Young's modulus exhibited a higher deformability index during the cold rolling process.Moreover, the focus on the inclusion deformation in the future was proposed in this paper.

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Dissolution of SiO2 Inclusions in CaO-SiO2-Based Slags In Situ Observed Using High-Temperature Confocal Scanning Laser Microscopy

Cited by 14 publications

References 35 publications

Effect of CaF₂ Contents in Slag on Inclusion Absorption in a Bearing Steel

Effect of CaF₂ Contents in Slag on Inclusion Absorption in a Bearing Steel

Dissolution Behavior of MgAl₂O₄ Spinel Inclusions in Mold Slag

Deformation of Non-metallic Inclusions in Steel during Rolling Process: A Review

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Dissolution of SiO2 Inclusions in CaO-SiO2-Based Slags In Situ Observed Using High-Temperature Confocal Scanning Laser Microscopy

Cited by 14 publications

References 35 publications

Effect of CaF2 Contents in Slag on Inclusion Absorption in a Bearing Steel

Effect of CaF2 Contents in Slag on Inclusion Absorption in a Bearing Steel

Dissolution Behavior of MgAl2O4 Spinel Inclusions in Mold Slag

Deformation of Non-metallic Inclusions in Steel during Rolling Process: A Review

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Product

Resources

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Effect of CaF₂ Contents in Slag on Inclusion Absorption in a Bearing Steel

Effect of CaF₂ Contents in Slag on Inclusion Absorption in a Bearing Steel

Dissolution Behavior of MgAl₂O₄ Spinel Inclusions in Mold Slag