Dissolvable thermoplastic interleaves for carbon nanotube localization in carbon/epoxy laminates with integrated damage sensing capabilities

Zhang, Han; Liu, Yi; Huang, Menglong; Bilotti, Emiliano; Peijs, Ton

doi:10.1177/1475921716683653

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…To identify a compatible thermoplastic material, an extensive literature survey was carried out (e.g., [1,7,10,[15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34]). A few materials were selected initially and their characteristics after melting as well as during the cool down process were studied.…”

Section: Thermoplastic Films Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement in Interply Toughness of BMI Composites Using Micro-Thin Films

2021

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Nowadays, laminated composites are widely used in the aerospace sector. All laminates have interply/interlaminar interfaces even if they are made using automated processes. The interfaces act as the areas of weaknesses and the potential crack initiation regions. Hence, any enhancement in the crack initiation and propagation resistance is always sought after. Usage of polymeric thin films is one of the promising and viable ways to achieve this. It is also easy to incorporate micro-thin films into any automation process. In the present study, different customized thin films that are compatible with Glass/BMI composites are fabricated. Fracture toughness tests in Mode I (opening mode), Mode II (sliding mode) and Mixed Mode I/II are conducted respectively using Double Cantilever Beam (DCB), End Notch Flexure (ENF) and Mixed Mode Bending (MMB) test specimens. This paper discusses the manufacturing of compatible micro-thin films. The various challenges faced during the manufacturing and incorporation of thin films are presented. The results of the various fracture toughness tests are examined. Mechanisms through which the different films help in resisting the crack initiation and propagation are deliberated and discussed. The incorporation of this technique in Automated Fiber Placement (AFP) is also discussed.

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Section: Thermoplastic Films Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement in Interply Toughness of BMI Composites Using Micro-Thin Films

2021

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“…In the last few years, there has been an increasing interest in developing non-destructive techniques to be successfully used for strain and damage detection, as well as new highperformance sensing materials for structural health monitoring (SHM) applications [1,2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Capabilities of a Piezoresistive Graphene-Loaded Waterborne Paint for Discrete Strain and Spatial Sensing

Proietti¹,

Fortunato

Pesce

et al. 2022

Sensors

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The development of a piezoresistive coating produced from dispersing graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) inside a commercial water-based polyurethane paint is presented. The feasibility of its exploitation for realizing highly sensitive discrete strain sensors and to measure spatial strain distribution using linear and two-dimensional depositions was investigated. Firstly, the production process was optimized to achieve the best electromechanical response. The obtained materials were then subjected to different characterizations for structural and functional investigations. Morphological analyses showed a homogenous dispersion of GNPs within the host matrix and an average thickness of about 75 µm of the obtained nanostructured films. By several adhesion tests, it was demonstrated that the presence of the nanostructures inside the paint film lowered the adhesion strength by only 20% in respect to neat paint. Through electrical tests, the percolation curve of the nanomaterial was acquired, showing an effective electrical conductivity ranging from about 10−4 S/m to 3.5 S/m in relation to the different amounts of filler dispersed in the neat paint: in particular, samples with weight fractions of 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 5 and 6 wt% of GNPs were produced and characterized. Next, the sensitivity to flexural strain of small piezoresistive sensors deposited by a spray-coating technique on a fiberglass-reinforced epoxy laminate beam was measured: a high gauge factor of 33 was obtained at a maximum strain of 1%. Thus, the sensitivity curve of the piezoresistive material was successively adopted to predict the strain along a multicontact painted strip on the same beam. Finally, for a painted laminate plate subjected to a mechanical flexural load, we demonstrated, through an electrical resistance tomography technique, the feasibility to map the electrical conductivity variations, which are strictly related to the induced strain/stress field. As a further example, we also showed the possibility of using the coating to detect the presence of conducting objects and damage.

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“…Interphase tailoring by sizing or coating by nanofillers (like carbon nanotubes and graphene) on reinforcing fibers (glass or carbon) has been approached through various techniques, like spraying [3][4][5][6][7], solution coating [8,9], dip coating [10][11][12][13][14][15][16], electrophoretic deposition (EPD) [17][18][19][20][21], and immersion [22,23]. These methods allow the nanofillers to "anchor" on the fiber surface due to the chemical reactions between the functionalized nanofillers and the fiber's surface groups.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene Deposition on Glass Fibers by Triboelectrification

et al. 2021

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In this work, a novel nanomaterial deposition technique involving the triboelectrification (TE) of glass fibers (GF) to create attractive charges on their surface was investigated. Through TE, continuous GF were positively charged thus, attracting negatively charged graphene oxide (GO) nanoparticles dispersed in a solution. The electrical charges on the glass fibers surface increased with the intensity of the TE process. The deposited GO coating was then chemically treated to obtain reduced graphene oxide (rGO) on the surface of GFs. The amount of coating obtained increased with the GO solution concentration used during the deposition process, as revealed by FESEM analysis. However, the same increment could not be noticed as a function of the intensity of the process. Both uncoated and coated GF were used to obtain single fiber microcomposites by using a bicomponent epoxy matrix. The fiber/matrix interfacial shear strength was evaluated through micro debonding tests, which revealed an increment of fiber/matrix adhesion up to 45% for rGO coated GF in comparison to the uncoated ones. A slight improvement in the electrical conductivity of rGO coated fibers through TE compared to conventional dip coating was also observed in terms of volumetric resistivity by a four-point probe setup.

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Dissolvable thermoplastic interleaves for carbon nanotube localization in carbon/epoxy laminates with integrated damage sensing capabilities

Cited by 17 publications

References 42 publications

Enhancement in Interply Toughness of BMI Composites Using Micro-Thin Films

Enhancement in Interply Toughness of BMI Composites Using Micro-Thin Films

Exploring the Capabilities of a Piezoresistive Graphene-Loaded Waterborne Paint for Discrete Strain and Spatial Sensing

Graphene Deposition on Glass Fibers by Triboelectrification

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