Dissonance thin‐ideal and didactic healthy behavior eating disorder prevention programs: Results from a controlled trial

Matusek, Jill Anne; Wendt, Sally; Wiseman, Claire V.

doi:10.1002/eat.20059

Cited by 98 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…In addition, the intervention led to significant improvements in body image for the women in the CDcombined group over time. These findings are consistent with other research that has used cognitive dissonance interventions (Matusek, Wendt, & Wiseman, 2004;Stice et al, 2006). For example, Stice et al (2006) randomly assigned 481 adolescent girls who had body image concerns to either a cognitive-dissonance, healthy weight, expressive writing control, or assessment-only control condition.…”

Section: Body Dissatisfactionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Specifically, it was intended to determine if the female athletes who participated in the cognitive dissonance intervention versus those who underwent the healthy weight program or were in the non-intervention control group showed reductions in internalization of the thin ideal, body dissatisfaction, negative affect, bulimic symptoms, and dieting behaviors. Although previous research has shown that a cognitive-dissonance based intervention can reduce thin-ideal internalization, negative affect, dieting behaviors, body dissatisfaction, and eating disorder symptoms within the general female college student population (Matusek, Wendt, & Wiseman, 2004;Stice et al, 2003), such effects were not found among a specific subgroup of undergraduates, female student athletes. Due to the lack of findings, various recommendations were made to guide future intervention research within the at-risk female college population.…”

Section: A Dissonance-based Eating Disorder Preventionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…These results provided evidence that both interventions (a cognitive-dissonance based approach and healthy weight management) effectively reduce bulimic pathology and risk factors for eating disturbances. Further, Matusek, Wendt, and Wiseman (2004) conducted an intervention study using college women between the ages of 18 and 23 years of age with body image concerns. The 89 participants were randomly assigned to a cognitivedissonance based, healthy weight, or wait-list control group.…”

Section: Dissonance Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Reducing the Risk of Disordered Eating Among Female College Students: A Test of Alternative Interventions

Machin¹,

Leigh²

2009

PsycEXTRA Dataset

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The purpose of this study was to test the effectiveness of a cognitive-dissonance based intervention in reducing disordered eating attitudes and behaviors. The intervention program created dissonance through discussion, exercises, and homework aimed at addressing and countering internalized sociocultural pressures, beliefs and values about women's bodies, attractiveness, and worth in the U.S. Seventy-seven female undergraduates were randomly assigned to one of four conditions: cognitive-dissonance, combined cognitive-dissonance, healthy weight placebo control, and wait-list control To determine effectiveness of the intervention, MANCOVA procedures were used, with Time 1 scores serving as the covariate. Overall, the women who received the dissonance based interventions produced the strongest effects among measures assessing sociocultural pressures, internalization, and body dissatisfaction in comparison to the control group, and experienced significant reductions in dieting behaviors and bulimic symptoms over the course of the study, suggesting that the creation of dissonance via the intervention assisted the women in reducing eating disorder risk factors. Tebbe for all their efforts and enthusiasm in the initial development of these programs.On a personal note, I would like to thank Kelsey Latimer for her unconditional support throughout this program and for making studying for tests seem like a lot of fun! I would like to thank all my family members (Momm, Dadd, Elissa, Michael, Tom, Sarah, Gramma, Gloria, Horacio, Florencia, and Alejandro) for always caring and listening to me when I had a lot to say. Finally, I would like to thank Sebastian Machin for his generosity, support, and love…we did it.iii (Mussell, Binford, & Fulkerson, 2000). Even so, most researchers acknowledge the central role that sociocultural factors play in their development (Striegel-Moore & Bulik, 2007). The pursuit and internalization of societal ideals of thinness (the "thin ideal") may be attributable in part to repeated exposure to messages, communicated by family, friends, and the media, that glamorize and glorify excessive thinness (Irving, 1990;Stice, Schupak-Neuberg, Shaw, & Stein, 1994). Women may become dissatisfied with their bodies as they compare themselves to these unrealistic and unattainable societal body ideals (Brownell, 1991), and then react to this dissatisfaction in one (or both) of two specific ways. For some women, because physical appearance strongly influences their self-evaluation and emotional state, body dissatisfaction can lead to feelings of sadness, guilt, shame, depression, anxiety, and hostility. To cope with and distract themselves from these negative emotions, these women may binge eat; that is, eating becomes a salve for their affective distress (Stice, 2001). Other women may react to their body dissatisfaction by increasing their efforts to diet in an attempt to alter physical size to more closely approximate the societal thin-ideal. Because of the extensive caloric restriction and the inability to mai...

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Section: Body Dissatisfactionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: A Dissonance-based Eating Disorder Preventionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Dissonance Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reducing the Risk of Disordered Eating Among Female College Students: A Test of Alternative Interventions

Machin¹,

Leigh²

2009

PsycEXTRA Dataset

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“…CD has been studied by five independent labs (see for review of all studies; see also Green, Scott, Diyankova, Gasser, & Pederson, 2005;Matusek, Wendt, Wiseman, 2004;Mitchell, Mazzeo, Rausch, & Cooke;, and has been found to reduce the following ED risk factors: negative affect, internalization of the thin-ideal standard of female beauty, body dissatisfaction, maladaptive dietary restraint, and bulimic pathology . Two metaanalyses also found that ED prevention programs producing the largest effects were those that were interactive (not didactic), multi-session (not single session), and dissonance-based (not psychoeducational) (Stice & Shaw, 2004;Stice et al, 2007).…”

Section: Is One Of Very Few Ed Prevention Programs To Meet the Amementioning

confidence: 99%

Peer-facilitated cognitive dissonance versus healthy weight eating disorders prevention: A randomized comparison

et al. 2010

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“…Moreover, CDIs can also be effective as single session interventions further improving dissemination (Matusek, Wendt & Wiseman, 2004). Matusek and colleagues found a single session 1-hour CDI successfully reduced thin ideal internalization, drive for thinness and disordered eating among university woman at 4-week follow up.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissemination of evidence-based body image interventions: A pilot study into the effectiveness of using undergraduate students as interventionists in secondary schools

et al. 2015

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Dissonance-based body image interventions are among the most effective interventions for adolescent girls. However, dissemination of these interventions remains challenging. In addition, the emerging field of positive body image suggests that interventions should promote body appreciation as well as reduce pathology. The current study examines whether undergraduate students can effectively deliver a dissonance-based intervention to secondary school girls. In addition, it examines whether this intervention can increase body appreciation. Sixty-two adolescent girls were randomly allocated to the intervention or control condition. In the intervention group, body dissatisfaction was significantly reduced and body appreciation was significantly improved from pre-to post-intervention. There were no changes in body dissatisfaction or body appreciation in the control group. There was a reduction in thin-ideal internalization for all participants. These preliminary findings suggest that undergraduate students can be effective interventionists for dissonance-based programs in schools and dissonance-based interventions can promote body appreciation.

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Dissonance thin‐ideal and didactic healthy behavior eating disorder prevention programs: Results from a controlled trial

Abstract: Results provide evidence that both interventions effectively reduce risk factors for eating pathology.

Cited by 98 publications

References 38 publications

Reducing the Risk of Disordered Eating Among Female College Students: A Test of Alternative Interventions

Reducing the Risk of Disordered Eating Among Female College Students: A Test of Alternative Interventions

Peer-facilitated cognitive dissonance versus healthy weight eating disorders prevention: A randomized comparison

Dissemination of evidence-based body image interventions: A pilot study into the effectiveness of using undergraduate students as interventionists in secondary schools

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